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Lab Final - Suppositories
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what happens to a suppository after insertion
soften, melt, disperse, or dissolve in the cavity fluids --> local or systemic effect
advantages of suppositories
good for infant or older pts or those that can't swallow
avoids first pass metab
protects drug from stomach and stomach from drug
good for drugs that cause N/V
disadvantages of suppositories
mucosal irritation
patient compliance
GI state affects absorption (diarrhea, disease states)
can melt at ambient temps (i.e. summer)
types of suppositories
rectal
vaginal
urethral
weight of rectal supps
usually 2 g
weight of vaginal supps
5 g
length and weight of urethral supps
females
: 50 mm; 2 g
males
: 125 mm; 4 g
another name for vaginal supps
pessary
another name for urethral supps
bougie
usual base of vaginal supp
water soluble
how is a urethral supp applied
with a hollow applicator
types of supp bases
oil-solube (oleaginous)
hydrogenated vegetable oil bases
water-soluble bases
example of oil-soluble bases
cocoa butter (theobroma oil)
example of hydrogenated vegetable oil bases
fattibase
wecobee bases
witesol bases
example of water soluble base
PEG bases
polybase
glycerin-gelatin mixes
cocoa butter/theobroma oil polymorphism - type and melting points
α
: 17'C
γ
: 23'C
β'
: 26'C
β crystals
: 35-37'C
don't heat cocoa butter above what temp? and why?
45'C
converts structure into polymorph α which is the least stable structure that can melt below room temp
in which supp do we avoid cocoal butter bases
pessaries
the advantage of hydrogenated oils over cocoa butter? disadvantage?
adv
: don't have polymorphism
disadv
: more expensive
glycerinated gelatin
translucent solid that dissolve and disperse slowly in mucous secretions
sometimes used for pessaries
MUST be kept in well-closed containers
polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers
most popular
PEGs of 2 or ore molecular weights can be mixed in diff props to give specific melting points and dissolution times
dispensed in glass or cardboard containers
methods of preparing supps
hand rolling
compression molding
fusion method
how to calibrate a suppository mold
base first method
1. total volume of base in mold
2. total base - amt of drug
3. obtained base x density of base = required base
base last method
1. dissolve or mix drug in sufficient base
2. pour into mold
3. fill the rest of vol with pure base
4. determine total wt - drug = required base
5. remelt and divide equally among molds
suppository stability
6 months
Author
jcu1
ID
212632
Card Set
Lab Final - Suppositories
Description
Lab Final
Updated
2013-04-10T13:13:58Z
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