-
what are leukocytes?
white blood cells
-
what is leukemia?
cancer of white blood cells; elevated count; dysfuntional WBCs
-
how many WBCs in a drop of blood?
4,000-11,000
-
which granulocytic WBC is the most numerous?
neutrophil
-
do white blood cells have nuclei?
yes
-
do red blood cells have nuclei?
not after maturation
-
what is the lifespan of WBCs?
10 days
-
where are blood cells produced?
bone marrow
-
what type of cells become blood cells?
stem cells
-
what type of movement is exhibited by WBCs?
amoeboid
-
where do T-lymphocytes mature?
thymus gland
-
which types of leukocytes are phagocytic?
monocyte and neutrophil
-
what percent of plasma is water?
90%
-
what percent of the blood is plasma?
55%
-
what percent of volume is plasma protein?
8%
-
what is the ph of blood?
7.35-7.45
-
is blood more viscous than water?
yes
-
what is the inherited disease that creates faulty hemoglobin that distorts the red blood cell?
sickle-cell anemia
-
which plasma protein is involved in maintaing osmotic pressure?
albumin
-
what is the last step of the 13 for the pathway of blood through the heart?
aorta
-
what is another name for the mitral valve?
bicuspid valve
-
what are the four valves in the heart?
tricuspid,bicuspid,pulmonary,and aortic
-
what is the category of valves located between the upper and lower chambers of the heart?
a-v valves; atrioventricular valves
-
what is the category of valves that are shaped like half moons?
semilunar valves
-
which ventricl is more muscular?
left
-
why is the left ventricle more muscular?
sends blood farther away from the heart
-
where does the left side of the heart send the blood?
to the whole body
-
where does the right side of the heart send the blood?
to the lungs
-
what is the partition that divides the heart into left and right?
septum
-
what is another name for the pacemaker?
sinoatrial node
-
what is the next stop after the pacemaker?
a-v node; atrioventricular node
-
what are the fibers that branch from the right and left bundle branches?
purkinje fibers
-
which cranial nerve innervates the heart?
vagus
-
what is the name for the smallest arteries?
arterioles
-
what is the name for the smallest veins?
venules
-
which artery is the largest in the body?
aorta
-
what is the thinning of the wall of a blood vessel that burst?
aneurysm
-
How is a lack of blood supply described?
an ischemic event or ischemia
-
what is the word that refers to the lungs?
pulmonary
-
which form of circulation is carried out by the right side of the heart?
pulmonary
-
which form of circulation is carried out by the left side of the heart?
systemic
-
what is another name for red blood cells?
erythrocytes
-
about how many red blood cells are in a drop of blood?
4-6 million
-
what is an excess of RBCs called?
polycthemia
-
what are possible causes of polycythemia?
living at higher elevations, althetic conditioning, cancer of the bone marrow.
-
what is the reduction of RBC?
anemia
-
what are possible causes of anemia?
genetic defect (sicke cell), cancer of the bone marrow, lack of iron or hemoglobin, B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency.
-
which type of anemia involves red blood cells busting open?
hemolyic
-
which type of anemia involves damage to the bone marrow?
aplatic anemia
-
what protein carries oxygen on a red blood cell?
hemoglobin
-
what part of hemoglobin gives blood a red color?
iron
-
what hormone triggers the production of red blood cells?
erythropoietin
-
what are the largest veins in the body?
vena cavae
-
what are the smallest veins in the body?
capillaries
-
what is the next vessel type after capillaries returning to the heart?
venules
-
what is the next type of vessel after venules?
veins
-
are arteries deep or superficial?
deep
-
are veins deep or superficial?
superficial
-
do veins carry blood to or away from the heart?
to the heart
-
do arteries carry blood to or away from the heart?
away from the heart
-
what encloses the heart in a double sac of serous membrane?
pericardium
-
what is the other name for heart muscle?
myocardium
-
what are the two layers of the pericardium?
visceral pericardium, and parietal pericardium
-
what is the SA node called?
pacemaker
-
between which two chambers are the AV valves located?
atria and ventricles
-
what are the two names for the left AV valve?
bicuspid valve and mitral valve
-
which side of the heart contains oxgenated blood?
left
-
which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?
right
-
what tiny white cords anchor the cusps to the walls of the ventricle?
chordae tendineae
-
which anemia is due to a B12 deficiency?
pernicious anemia
-
is hemophilia a problem with platlets or clotting factors specifically?
clotting factors
-
what is a low white blood cell count?
leukopenia
-
what is a genetic blood disease inherited from mothers?
hemophilia
-
what is a typical platelet count?
250,000
-
what element is found in hemoglobin?
iron
-
what are the two other names for platelets?
thrombocytes and megakaryocytes
-
what chemical becomes the clot?
fibrin
-
what is the percursor to fibrin?
fibrinogen (plasma protein)
|
|
