-
What are obligate intracellular parasites unable to self-replicate?
Viruses
-
What is the term for the entire viral particle?
Virion
-
What is the term for the protein coat that encloses the genetic material?
Capsid
-
What is the term for the protein subunit that makes up the capsid?
Capsomer
-
What is the term for what is composed of the capsid and the genetic material?
Nucleocapsid
-
What is the outer coating that is composed of a phospholipid bilayer?
Envelope
-
What is the term for viruses with NO envelope?
Naked nucleocapsids
-
What is the term for the attachment of the virus to a specific receptor on the host cell?
Adsorption
-
What is the term for what occurs when there is either the separation of the capside from the genome or rearrangement of the capsid proteins exposing the genome for transcription and replication?
Uncoating
-
What is the term for the stage when the genetic material is replicated but intact virions are not yet detectable?
Eclipse period
-
What does Viral Transport Medium contain?
- Buffered saline
- Protein stabilizers
- Antimicrobials that inhibit bacterial and fungal growth
-
Name common upper respiratory infections
- Rhinovirus
- Influenza
- Parainfluenza
- RSV
- EBV
- Coronavirus
-
Name common croup and bronchitis viral infections
- Influenza
- Parainfluenza
- RSV
- Adenovirus
-
What viruses can cause pneumonia in children?
- RSV
- Parainfluenza
- Adenovirus
- VZV (varicella-zoster virus)
-
What viruses can cause pneumonia in adults?
- Influenza
- VZV (varicella zoster virus)
- CMV
- RSV
-
Name the viruses that cause viral meningitis
- Enterovirus
- Echovirus
- HSV-1
- HSV-2
- VZV (varicella zoster virus)
-
What viruses cause encephalitis?
-
What viruses causes Cutaneous infections?
- HSV-1
- HSV-2
- VZV
- Echovirus
- Measles
- Rubella
- Enterovirus
- Molluscum Contagiosum
- Parvovirus B-19
-
What viruses cause Genital infections?
- HSV-2
- Human papillomavirus
-
What viruses cause gastroenteritis?
- Rotavirus
- Norwalk viruses
- Adenoviruses
- Calciviruses
-
What viruses cause eye infections?
-
What viruses cause neonatal infections?
-
What do DNA viruses produce, that show in the cell?
Nuclear inclusions
-
What do RNA viruses produce that show up in the cell?
Cytoplasmic inclusions
-
What inclusion does CMV produce?
Basophilic intranuclear inclusions referred to as "owl eye" inclusion
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestations of:
Gingivostomatitis in children and young adults
Recurrent oral-labial infection (cold sores)
Infection of the cornea (keratitis)
Herpes encephalitis
HSV-1
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestations of:
Genital herpes
Neonatal herpes
HSV-2
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestations of:
Chickenpox (primary infection
Singles or Zoster (reactivation)
VZV (varicella zoster)
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestations of:
Asymptomatic infection
Heterophile-negative mononucleosis
Fever hepatitis syndrome in neonates and transplant patients
Interstitial pneumonia in immunocompromised patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestations of a heterophile-positive mononucleosis?
Espstein-Barr virus
-
What clnical conditions does EBV (epstein-barr virus cause)?
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Burkitt lymphoma
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Hodgkin disease
- Other lymphomas
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestations of Roseola (6th disease)?
Human herpesvirus 6
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestation of Roseola and febrile disease in children?
Human herpesvirus 7
-
What virus produces the clinical manifestation of Kaposi's sarcoma?
Human herpesvirus 8
-
What virus causes smallpox?
Variola major
-
What virus causes molluscum contagiosum?
Molluscipoxvirus
-
What virus causes zoonosis?
Monkeypox virus
-
What type of infection does adenovirus cause?
- Respiratory tract infections (especially in young children)
- UTIs
- GI infections
- Pharyngitis
- Eye infections in newborns, immunocompromised patients, and military recruits (b/c of close living conditions)
-
What are the members of orthomyxoviruses?
Influenza viruses A, B, and C
-
What do the orthomyxoviruses have on their surface?
- Hemagglutinin (HA)
- Neuraminidase (NA)
- Both immungens
-
What occurs when point mutations occur in the viral genes encoding the HA (hemagglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase) spikes?
Antigentic drift
-
What occurs following a major change (reassortment) of the RNA genome when a single host cell is infected with 2 different influenza viruses?
Antigenic shift
-
What is included in Lentiviruses?
-
What members are included in Parmyxoviruses?
- Parainfluenza
- Mumps
- Morbillivirus
- RSV
-
What clinical condition is an infection of the parotid glands, causing swelling and difficulty in swallowing?
Mumps
-
What virus causes rubeola or measles?
Morbillivirus
-
What clinical condition has necrotic vesicles with a whit center surrounded by erythema on the oral mucosa, referred to as Koplik spots?
Measles
-
What clinical condition is characterized by the formation of syncytia - an infected cell can cause fusion with adjacent cells, producing giant multinucleated cells?
RSV
-
What members are included in Picornaviruses?
- Enteroviruses
- Poliovirus
- Coxsackie virus
- Rhinoviruses
-
What virus causes hand, foot, and mouth disease of humans?
Coxsackie A virus
-
What virus causes about 1/3 of all cases of myocarditis and also associated with meningitis?
Coxsackie B
-
What virus is a frequent cause of the common cold?
Rhinovirus
-
What virus has a
Wheel-like (spoke) appearance
Most important cause of GI infections in children less than 2 yrs of age
Rotavirus
-
What are the members of Caliciviridae?
- Norovirus - include Norwalk virus
- Sapovirus
- Lagovirus
- Vesivirus
-
What are the members of Togaviridae?
- Rubivirus - includes Rubella
- Alphavirus
-
What are the members of Flaviviridae?
West Nile Virus
-
What virus:
Had birds as the primary reservoir and mosquitos as the vectors
Can be mild or asymptomatic infections in healthy individuals or
Fatal encephalitis
West Nile Virus
-
What clinical condition is caused by rhabdovirus?
Rabies
-
What virus is diagnostic with Negri bodies (although, not recommended due to low sensitivity)?
Rhabdovirus
-
Once exposed to rabies, how long can one wait to get treated?
Maximum of 72 hours because without treatment, infection is 100% fatal
-
What are the members of Filoviridae?
-
What viruses:
Have bats that are thought to be the reservoir
Infection by these viruses produces hemorrhagic fever with high fatality rates
Most cases occur in Africa
|
|
