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What are common causes of defective digestion?
- Pancreatic insufficiency
- Surgical removal of portions of the bowel
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Pancreatic insufficiency and removal of bowel segments can cause what issue?
Defective digestion
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What are the symptoms of Malabsorption?
- Steatorrhea
- Weight loss
- Vit. Mineral deficiencies
- Abnormal Fat and Carb tests
- Abnormal intestinal biopsy ( celiac disease)
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What is Steatorrhea?
Large bulky fatty stools
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What is the name for large bulky fatty stools?
Steatorrhea
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What minerals and Vitamins are commonly deficient in a person with malabsorption?
Ca, Fe, B12 and FA
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A person presenting with an deficiency in Vit. B12, Fe, FA and Ca could likely have what general disease?
Malabsorption
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What is the prevalence of Celiac disease in the USA?
1:300
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What is the most common cause of severe malabsorption?
Celiac disease
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What is another name for Celiac disease?
Celiac Sprue
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Where is gluten found?
Wheat and Oats
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In what organ does Celiac disease manifest?
Small intestine (mucosa)
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What part of the small intestine is affected by Celiac disease?
Mucosa, small intestinal epithelium
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Describe the pathogenesis of Celiac disease:
Gluten causes immune injury to the small intestinal mucosa, causing loss of villi and absorptive surface
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What antibody levels are elevated in a person with celiac disease?
- Anti-transglutaminase
- Antiendomysial
- Antireticulin
- Antigliadin
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What do people with celiac disease have a great risk of developing?
- Small intestine lymphomas
- GI carcinoma
- Breast carcinoma
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What disease creates a greater risk of small intestine lymphomas and GI and Breast carcinomas?
Celiac Disease
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Diagnosis of Celiac disease on a biopsy would reveal what mucosal morphology?
- Atrophied villi
- Flat small intestinal mucosa
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A biopsy from the small intestine that revealed small flat intestinal mucosa and atrophy of villi would indicate what disease?
Celiac
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What is the cause of acute appendicitis?
Usually unknown, sometimes fecalith in appendix
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What are the symptoms and signs of acute appendicitis?
- Abdominal pain
- Rebound tenderness
- Fever
- Leukocytosis
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What disease presents as Leukocytosis, abdominal pain, rebound tenderness and fever?
Acute appendicitis
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What are potential complications of acute appendicitis?
- Perforation leading to peritonitis
- Abscess
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Abscess and perforation leading to peritonitis are complication of what disease?
Acute appendicitis
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Describe the pathology of acute appendicitis:
Inflammation of the appendix
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Inflammation of the appendix is termed:
Acute appendicitis
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What are the two diseases that cause of inflammatory bowel disease?
- Ulcerative colitis
- Crohn’s disease
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Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis are both what type of larger disease grouping?
Inflammatory bowel disease
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What is the cause of inflammatory bowel disease?
Not yet known
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Describe inflammatory bowel disease?
Inflammation destroys the mucosa and causes malabsorption
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What group has the highest rate of Inflammatory bowel disease?
Young adults
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What are the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease?
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Bleeding
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What disease is marked by exacerbation adnd remission?
Inflammatory bowel disease
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What are the two complication of Inflammatory Bowel disease discussed in class?
- Cancer (late, usually after 10 years)
- Polyarthritis
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Polyarthritis and Cancer are complications of what disease?
Ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease or inflammatory bowel disease
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Ulecrative colitis and Crohn’s disease only cause complications in the bowel (T/F)?
False, they both have extra-intestinal manifestations like polyarthritis
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List six potential causes for Ulcerative colitis:
- Stress
- Diet
- Genetic predisposition
- Drugs
- Allergens
- Infections
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What inflammatory bowel disease likely has a multi-factoral cause?
Ulcerative Coliits
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The risk for developing cancer is higher with Crohn’s disease or Ulcerative Colitis?
Ulcerative Colitis
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What is the common age range for ulcerative colitis?
10-30
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What is the common age range of Crohn’s disease?
10-40 years
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Which disease Crohn’s or Ulcerative colitis can involve the alimentary tract?
Crohn’s
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Which disease, Crohn’s or Ulcerative colitis can involve the colon?
Ulcerative colitis
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Which disease, Crohn’s or Ulcerative, creates diffuse continuous inflammation?
Ulcerative colitis
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Which disease, Crohn’s or Ulcerative, creates patchy inflammation?
Crohn’s
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Which disease, Crohn’s or Ulcerative, creates mucosal inflammation
Ulcerative colitis
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Which disease, Crohn’s or Ulcerative, caused transdermal inflammation and granulomas in 40-50% of patients?
Crohn’s disease
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Which disease, Crohn’s or Ulcerative, has mild fibrosis?
Ulcerative colitis
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Which disease, Crohn’s or Ulcerative, has marked fibrosis ad thickening of the wall with fissures and fistulas?
Crohn’s
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Which disease responds well to surgery, Crohn’s or Ulcerative?
Ulcerative colitis
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Which disease does not respond to surgery well, Crohn’s or Ulcerative?
Crohn’s disease
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What type of inflammatory bowel disease runs a high risk of colon cancer?
Ulcerative colitis
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What disease is marked by ulcer formation and crypt abscess formation in the colon?
Ulcerative colitis
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