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What are the 3 forms of food? and Pros and cons of each
- Dry food: Pros - good shelf life, no bad odour, may assist in dental care.
- Cons - not a palatable
- Canned food: Pros - very palatable, no preservatives.
- Cons - bad odour. difficult to store
- Semi moist: Pros - usually packed in individual servings, high digestablility.
- Cons - oftern contain large amoutns of surgar. more expensive
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What are the 5 nutritional stages of life ?
- Growth
- Maintenance
- Gestation/lactation
- working/stressed
- Geriatric/senior
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What are 3 things to recommend when changing an animals diet ?
- Very slowly
- Needs to be done over a period of time 5 - 10 days
- Gradually add new diet in each day
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What diet should you feed a puppy or kitten when you first bring it home ?
The same diet that it was at previous home, place. Will help reduce stress. then you can slowly change diet.
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What is the best feeding regime for a dog. ?
Large meals interrupted by periods of fasting. OR meal feeding.. amount restricted.
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What is the best feeding regime for a cat ?
free choice feeding
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What are 7 conditions/disease that can be managed by nutrition ?
- Skin disease
- Skeletal disease
- Gastrointestinal disease
- Food hypersensitivity
- Cancer
- Obesity
- FLUITD
- Diabetes Mellitus
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What needs to be done before you change an animals diet to manage a disease/condition?
- A complete PE by the vet.
- Many disease condition may be masked by other underlying conditions, there fore the vet must rule out the reason for the condition
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What vare 5 predisposing factors to obesity ?
- Living environment and typer of lifestyle
- Genetic predisposition (breed)
- Age
- Sex
- Voluntary activity levels
- External influences on food intake
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What are 5 health problems that can be linked to obesity ?
- Respiratory and cardiac problems
- Diabetes mellitus
- Liver problems
- Pancreatic problems
- Heat intolerance
- Skeletal problems
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What are the 3 steps involved in body condition scoring ?
- Step 1: do a rib check
- Step 2: stand over the animal and assess the animal from a top view
- Step 3: Stand to the side of the dog and asses the animal from a side view
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What factors predispose cats to FLUTD ?
- Age 1-6yrs most common
- Gender males
- Diet mineral levels
- Activity level
- Stress stressed cats can hold their urine
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What are some signs and symptoms of FLUTD ?
- Blood in urine
- Painful urination
- Frequent urinations
- Urination in inappropriate places
- excessive licking of urogenital area
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Where would you find premium brand foods ?
- Sold in pet stores and vet clinics.
- Medi-cal. Hills
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When lactating how much can a bitchs food intake increase ?
- It can increase up to 3 times during 3 and 4th week of lactation.
- Allow increased energy intake in oder to rpevent weight loss.
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Describe 3 changes that need to be made for a pregnant animal.
- Increased requirement of certain nutrients - support the growth of fetuses
- Increased amount of food with fetal growth -
- Type of feeding - frequent small meals daily, may beed to chagne to freechoice feeding in order to meet the high demands of lactation
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Should you rotate food types and flavours ?
- No. rotating will often lead to finicky feeding behaviours.
- Change in diet upsets GI tract
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What are energy requirements measured in ?
kilo calories per day. kcal/day
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What is the basic component of a protein ?
- Amino acids.
- Classified as essential, or non essential
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What is the approximate water content of canned, dry and semi moist foods ?
- Canned: 60 - 80%
- Dry: 10 - 14%
- Semi-moist: 25 - 40%
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Name the fat soluble vitamins and the water soluble vitamins
- Fat soluble: vitamins A,D,E,K. stores in the liver, not necessarily required daily in diet.
- Water soluble: C & B complex, readily excreted in urine and are not stored well.
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What do you call a graphic or pictorial representation of a product displayed on a food bag ?
?
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Working or stressed animals need more energy in the form of what ?
usually in the form of fat- 2.5 more energy dense.
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What are some MACRO and MICRO minerals ?
- MACRO: Ca, P, Na, K, Mg
- MICRO: Zing, Manganese, tace elements.
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What is the Principle display panel?
- Fist line of ocmmunication and attracts the consumers attention. Front of container.
- Product identity
- Net weight display
- Bursts and flags
- Product picture or slogan
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What is the information panel, or statutory statement ?
- Second line of communication. Supplies data about the product.
- Nutrition statement
- Basis of nutrition claim
- Ingredient list
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What is the guaranteed analysis ?
- Includes crude proteint, curde fat, crude fibre and moisture.
- It gives a general indication of tolerances for the nutritents in a diet, but is of little vaule in comparing specific nutrients.
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What are 3 things required by law on a pet food label ?
- Cat or dog food
- The weight
- Name of the manufacturer
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What are 3 types of food fed to pets ?
- Commercially manufactured foods: generic or private label, popular foods, premium brands
- Homemade diets: requires detailed knowledge of nutritional requirements of each species
- Snacks: do not have to be nutritionally complete
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What are 3 examples of commercially prepared varieties ?
- Generic or private label - Old roy
- Popular foods - Pedigree
- Premium - Medi -cal
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