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Medical assistants role in diagnostic exminations of the urinary system?
- 1. Explain a clean catch midstream.
- 2. Wipe front to back.
- 3. Begin to urinate, stop, then fill cup 10-12ml of urine.
- 4. Put lid on tightly.
- 5. Make sure specimen is properly labeled.
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What blood tests are performed to determine the health/function of the kidney?
- 1. Creatnine
- 2. Urea
- 3. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- 4. ALC1
- 5. EGFR Estimated Glomerulat Filtration Rate
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Name 2 common types of catheters and describe when each would be used?
- 1. Foley catheter
- 2. Straight catheter
A Foley catheter is in dwelling and is always sterile. It is in place for longer periods, no more than 24hrs. It Iis inserted into the bladder, usually by an MD.
A Straight catheter is disposable, for one time. For draining the bladder. Does not require sterile technique. Recommended for people with urinary incontinence. (Done on children)
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What is the radiographic procedure in which contrast dye is injected into the patient through an IV to examine the internal structures of the kidney and urinary tract? What is it called?
- Intravenous pyelogram
- Due to urinary refluxe disease
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What kind of person could NOT have a kidney transplant?
- 1. HIV
- 2. Chronic kidney disease
- 3. Hepatitis
- 4. Any autoimmune disease
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List 5 general specimen guidelines?
- 1. Verify providers order
- 2. Verify specimen requirements
- 3. Complete lab requisition
- 4. Assemple equiptment before patient arrives
- 5. Properly label all specimens
- 6. Confirm patient with at least 2 forms of ID
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What is POL?
Position office laboratory
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What is POS?
Physician office assistant
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What is CLIA?
- Clinical laboratory improvement ammendment
- Quality control of the lab
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 Parts of the microscope?
- 1. Ocular
- 2. Rotating nosepiece
- 3. Objective lenses
- 4. Stage clips
- 5. Stage slide
- 6. Light source
- 7. Base
- 8. Diaphragm
- 9. Fine adjustment knob
- 10. Course adjustment knob
- 11. Arm support
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After centrifuging the specimen, what are the parts called?
The clear liquid part is called the supernatant and the white stuff at the bottom of the tube is called sediment
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What is the normal specific gravity?
1.030
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If a patient is positive for glucose, what else should be positive on the dipstick?
Ketones
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What does it mean if a urine sample is cloudy?
Bacteria
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Clinitest
Ictotest
Acetest
Clinitest- Confirmatory test for glucose
Ictotest- Confirmatory test for billirubin
Acetest- Confirmatory test for ketones
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Urine colors
Colorless-?
Straw to yellow-?
Dark yellow/amber- ?
Cloudy pink,red,reddish/brown- ?
Clear pink,red, or reddish brown-?
Yellow/brown or yellow/green- ?
Blue/green- ?
Brown- ?
Black- ?
Colorless- diabetes insipidus
Straw to yellow- normal color
Dark yellow/amber- first morning urine
Cloudy pink,red,reddish/brown- hematuria, intact RBC present. Menstral contamination
Clear pink,red, or reddish brown-RBC have been ruptured and hemoglobin has been released into urine
Yellow/brown or yellow/green- billirubin
Blue/green- UTI
Brown- Blood
Black- Melanin
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What is ESWL?
Extracorporeal Shockwave Litrotripsy
Sound waves that break down kidney stones into smaller pieces
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What is IVP?
Intravenous Pylogram
An x-ray test that provides pics of the kidney, bladder, ureters and urethra.
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What is TURP?
Transurethral resection of the prostate
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What is TRUS?
Transrectal ultra sonography of the prostate
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What is DRE?
Digital rectal exam
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What is catherization?
A sterile tube that is inserted into the bladder
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What is hemodialysis?
A process that uses a man made membrane to removes waste from the blood
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What is Circumcision?
A surigical removal of excess skin from the penis
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What does sugar in the urine mean?
Diabetes
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What does it mean when there is billirubin in the liver?
Hepatitis
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What is the normal PH of urine?
4.5-8.0
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What is the PH of blood?
7.4
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What is the total amount of the micorscope?
100
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Crystals
Cystine-?
Tyrosine- ?
Leucine- ?
Uric Acid- ?
Calcuim Oxalate- ?
Yeast- ?
Calcium carbonate- ?
Triple phosphate- ?
Cystine- colorless hexagon shaped plates (abnormal)
Tyrosine- colorless to yellow needles/clumps of rosettes(abnormal)
Leucine- yellow spheres with central circle stripes (abnormal)
Uric Acid- yellow brown rhombic flat plate with 4 sides
Calcuim Oxalate- colorless squares with an x shape. resembles an envelope
Yeast- small oval, may have a bud
Calcium carbonate- colorless, dog bone or dumbell shaped
Triple phosphate- colorless, resembles coffin lids
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