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When is a chronic disability manifested
Before age 22
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What is a chronic disability
limits 3 or more areas of major life activity
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1900s-1970s
- Period of institutionalization
- Started off doing treatment but turned into warehouses
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How Did Change Begin to Happen ?
- In the 1950’s and 60’s: parent groups, research and training, increased public awareness
- In the 70's- right to education cases (parents suing for childrens rights)
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PL 94-142
- All children guaranteed Free appropriate education
- IEP
- Zero reject
- Confidentiality
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What was section 504 for?
Serves those who are NOT eligible under the stricter diagnostic categories of IDEA (only if their disability substantially limits educational performance)
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What is not being able to walk an example of?
Functional limitation
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What is not able to go to the store an example of?
disability
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What is "muscle tone problems" an example of?
Impairment
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What would Cerebral Palsy an example of?
Pathology
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What is a pediatric communication disorder?
Abnormal/atypical acquisition, comprehension, or use of communication and/or language.
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Write a brief definition of Communication
- Message must be sent
- Must have intent
- and must be received
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Provide a synonym for expressive
production
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provide a synonym for receptive
comprehension
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Which area, receptive or expressive, is typically stronger and develops first?
Receptive
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Semantics
Define- meaning, content (vocabulary)
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Word retrieval problems may be due to a _____________ deficit
semantic
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Poor word association skills may be due to a ___________ deficit
semantic
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Difficulty with figurative language would be an example of a __________ deficit.
semantic
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Morphology
the smallest unit of meaning
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Inflection or marker errors would be an example of a _________ deficit.
Morphology
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He walk home last night-- is what type of error
morphology
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Syntax
How sentences are ordered and structured.
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Word order errors would be an example of a ___________ deficit
syntax
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Pragmatics
knowing what to do with what you've got
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What is known as the "boy scout rules of language"
pragmatics
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Difficulty with turn taking would be an example of a __________ deficit.
Pragmatic
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Reduced communicative intent is an example of a _________ deficit.
pragmatic
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Error in the acquisition or use of sounds of speech
articulation disorder
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____________ disorders are more motor-based in origin
Articulation
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Disorders that are language based and follow rules or processes that result in errors
phonological disorders
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What causes speech disorders?
- Either a physiological problem/disorder
- OR
- a speech/language specific disorder
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Age for Early Intervention Programs
0-3 years
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Age for Early Childhood Programs
3-5 years
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Characteristics of Early Intervention Programs
- IFSP (individualized family service plan)
- Family centered services
- Team approach
- Provided in natural family environment
- Activity-based
Part C of IDEA
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Characteristics of Early Childhood Programs
- IEP (individualized education plan)
- Service delivered in the school
- "early start"
- Less family input
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How do we assess an infant?
Watching the child play- do not give them an assessment
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Receiving a message + sensory input + processing=
development of cognition, play, communication, social/emotional attachment
(creates a need to communicate)
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When is the best time for baby to receive input?
- when the baby is quiet alert
- can also receive when active alert- but may be distracted
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When does baby Attend to human voice, looks at speaker
1 month
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When does baby localize sound
3 months
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When a baby begins to connect sensory to the meaning
Anticipation
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to name or environmental sounds
Response (4-6 months)
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When does a baby attach meaning to sounds
5 months
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When does baby attach meaning to words
6 months
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When does baby have single word understanding
8 months
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Comprehension of words with cues and routines
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Comprehension of words without cues
- Body parts
- simple directions
- 12 months
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When does a child pat pictures in a book
14 months
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When does a child point to common object when named
15 months
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when does child Follow one-stage command
18-24 months
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4 body parts
in vs out
point to 5+ pictures
24 months
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Illocution
- Non-standard (non-verbal) but intentional and meaningful
- 9-12 months
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Locution
- Formalized language (words)
- 12 months+
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Developmental intervention
based on a normal developmental sequence; activity-based; occurring in the natural environment-preferred mode of intervention
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Non-developmental intervention
- based on selection of specific targets taught in a structured stimulus-response mode
- using behavioral approaches (limited generalization, but may be of use in
- specific cases)
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Receptive Targets
- Awareness and response
- Engagement
- Anticipation
- Response to words
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Expressive targets
- Develop intent
- Express intent (illocutaion)
- Use of single words and combinations (locution)
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Joint Attention
- Engagement
- FAce-to-face
- directing babys gaze
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Inadequate portions
Dont get enough, need to ask for more
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sabotage
give child something enticing with screwed bowl
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silly situation
broken toy
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violate routine
forget to do something
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misuse objects
stir with your shoe
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Imitation
goal is to model language
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Self talk
goal is to model language
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Expansion
clinician expands child's utterance to make it gramatically and semantically correct
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Extension
increase sentence length
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5 tools for parents
- 1. talk to your child
- 2. tempt your child to communicate
- 3. play with your child
- 4. read with your child
- 5. respond to your child
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When are simple one step commands developed
15+ mo
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When are One step commands involving more
vocabulary developed
2 years
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When are two item commands developed
24+ mo
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What is: Go get you coat and put it on; Get Mommy’s coat and put it on the chair
2 parts command related
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What is: Put the ball in the box and give me the shoe
2 part command unrelated
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What is: Get the big, blue ball
one part command with 2 or more critical elements
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What is: Get the big, blue ball beside the red chair
multiple critical elements
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what is: Put the ball in the cup, touch your shoe, and jump up
3 step command unrealted
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What is: First touch the picture of the ball, then the car; Touch the picture of the hat,
after I touch the elephant; Touch only the hats that are red; The man under the
tree is sitting down.
Syntactiacally complex command
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