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thera II test II anemia
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hormone kidney's secrete in response to low tissue oxygen levels
erthropoietin
building materials for RBC's
amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids
iron
folate
B12
what transports iron to be incorporated into hemoglobin
transferrin
immature RBC's secreted from the marrow to the blood circulation
reticulocyte
measure of the increase or decrease in the number of reticulocytes, representing the RBC production by the bone marrow
retic count
mature reticulocytes and transport and protect Hgb
erythrocyte
extracted iron that is stored in the macrophages
ferritin
breakdown product of Hgb that is conjugated in the liver
bilirubin
when the total quantity of iron exceeds the amount that can be stored as ferritin, the excess iron is stored in an insoluble form called
hemosiderin
refers to how much iron the transferrin present in the blood can bind
total iron binding capacity (TIBC)
3 mechanism of anemia
excessive blood loss
inadequate production
excessive destruction
3 acute causes of excessive blood loss
trauma
ulcer
hemorrhoids
3 chronic causes of excessive blood loss
ulcer
vaginal bleeding
aspirin ingestion
4 causes of inadequate production
nutritional deficiency
erythroblast deficiency
endocrine deficiency
chronic disease
2 intrinsic factors of excessive destruction
hereditary
abnormal Hgb synthesis
3 extrinsic causes of excessive destruction
autoimmune reactions
drug reactions
infection
3 ways anemia's are classified
morphology
etiology
pathophysiology
2 catergories of RBC morphology
RBC size - "cytic"
Hgb content (color) - "chromic"
normocytic anemia
RBC production is not disturbed, but rate of production is inadequate
microcytic anemia
disease state where cytoplasmic production of Hgb is delayed relative to nuclear maturation
macrocytic anemia
disease state where nuclear maturation is delayed relative to cytoplasmic production of Hgb
normal lab values for Hgb
female - 12.3 - 15.3 g/dl
male - 14 - 17.5 g/dl
WHO anemia diagnosis for anemia
male < 13 g/dl
menstruating female < 12 g/dl
pregnant female < 11 g/dl
percent volume of RBC's in relation to total blood volume
hematocrit Hct
average volume (size) of RBC
mean cell volume (MCV)
measure of average weight of Hgb in RBC
reflects adequacy of iron supply
mean corpuscular Hgb (MCH)
can't distinguish between microcytosis and hypochromia
average concentration of Hgb in each RBC
mean corpuscular Hgb concentration (MCHC)
what does low MCHC mean
hypochromia
variation in RBC volume
RBC distribution width RDW
what test is useful indetecting mixed anemias
RDW
what do you do if you get an elevated retic count
corrected retic count = retic count x (patients HCT/ normal HCT)
test that is a function of RBC production and bone marrow function
retic count
indirect measurment of serum transferrin
normally 3x iron
total iron binding capacity TIBC
the percentage of sites on transferrin that have iron bound to them
transferrin saturation TSAT
low serum ferritin levels indicate
iron deficiency
low B12 indicates
pernicious anemia
what must B12 be bound to in order to be absorbed in the GI tract
intrinsic factor
test used to detect intrinsic factor deficiency
schilling test
test that shows the functional status of RBC and based on appearance
peripheral smear
2 causes of microcytic anemia
iron deficiency anemia
anemia of chronic disease
leading cause of anemia
iron deficiency
decreased MCV
iron deficiency
anemia of chronic disease
decreased serum iron
iron deficiency
anemia of chronic disease
decreased ferritin
iron deficiency
increased TIBC
iron deficiency
decreased TIBC
anemia of chronic disease
increased MCV
vit B12 deficiency
folic acid deficiency
sickle cell anemia
decreased retic count
anemia of chronic disease
vit B12 deficiency
folic acid deficiency
increased retic count
G6PD
sickle cell anemia
MCB WNL
G6PD
retic count WNL
iron deficiency
5 medications that can alter folic acid
hydroxyurea
methotrexate
triamterene
barbiturates
phenytoin
18 drugs that can cause hemolytic anemia
APAP
ACEI's
cephalosporins
fluoroquinolones
HCTZ
isoniazid
ketoconazole
levodopa
NSAIDs
methyldopa
penicillins
probenacid
procainamide
PPIs
quinidine
rifampin
sulfonamides
tetracycline
3 drugs to avoid in G6PD deficiency
nitrofurantoin
sulfamethoxazole
metformin
Author
tab
ID
210825
Card Set
thera II test II anemia
Description
thera II test II anemia
Updated
2013-04-05T11:30:51Z
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