Dysarthria

Disturbance in muscular control, neurogenic origin

Specific muscles affected: muscles of respiration and the muscles of larynx, pharynx, soft palate, or articulators (lip, tongue).

Compromised movement: muscle strength, speed, range, accuracy, steadiness, and muscle tone.

• Affects all motor speech processes- respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, and prosody.

Disorders of cerebellar system.

Discrete Neurological Group:  Cerebellar Lesions

• Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations:  1.) Imprecise Controls, 2.) Excess and Equal Stress, 3.) Irregular Articulatory Breakdown

Disorders of the upper motor neuron

Discrete Neurological Group: Pseudobulbar Palsy

Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations:

• 1. Imprecise Consonants
• 2. Monopitch
• 3. Reduced Stress

Disorder of the extra-pyramidal system

Discrete Neurological Group:

• Chorea:
• 1. Imprecise Consonants
• 2. Prolonged Intervals
• 3. Variable Rate

• Dystonia:
• 1. Imprecise Consonants
• 2. Distorted Vowels
• 3. Harsh Voice Quality

*Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations

Disorders of the extra-pyramidal system

Discrete Neurological Groups: Parksonism

Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations;

• 1. Monopitch
• 2. Reduced Stress
• 3. Monoloudness

Disorders of the lower motor neuron

Discrete Nuerological Group: Bulbar Palsy

Relative Prominence Speech Deviations

• 1. Hypernasality
• 2. Impressive Consonants
• 3. Breathiness (consonants)

Discrete Neurological Group:  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis w/ relative prominence in psuedobulbar & bulbar palsy

Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations

• 1. Imprecise Consonants
• 2. Hypernasality
• 3. Harsh Voice Quality