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Dysarthria
Disturbance in muscular control, neurogenic origin
Specific muscles affected: muscles of respiration and the muscles of larynx, pharynx, soft palate, or articulators (lip, tongue).
Compromised movement: muscle strength, speed, range, accuracy, steadiness, and muscle tone.
- Affects all motor speech processes- respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, and prosody.
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Ataxic Dysarthria
Disorders of cerebellar system.
Discrete Neurological Group: Cerebellar Lesions
- Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations: 1.) Imprecise Controls, 2.) Excess and Equal Stress, 3.) Irregular Articulatory Breakdown
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Spastic Dysarthria
Disorders of the upper motor neuron
Discrete Neurological Group: Pseudobulbar Palsy
Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations:
- 1. Imprecise Consonants
- 2. Monopitch
- 3. Reduced Stress
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Hyperkinetic Dyarthria
Disorder of the extra-pyramidal system
Discrete Neurological Group:
- Chorea:
- 1. Imprecise Consonants
- 2. Prolonged Intervals
- 3. Variable Rate
- Dystonia:
- 1. Imprecise Consonants
- 2. Distorted Vowels
- 3. Harsh Voice Quality
*Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations
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Hypokinetic Dysarthria
Disorders of the extra-pyramidal system
Discrete Neurological Groups: Parksonism
Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations;
- 1. Monopitch
- 2. Reduced Stress
- 3. Monoloudness
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Flaccid Dysarthria
Disorders of the lower motor neuron
Discrete Nuerological Group: Bulbar Palsy
Relative Prominence Speech Deviations
- 1. Hypernasality
- 2. Impressive Consonants
- 3. Breathiness (consonants)
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Mixed Dysarthria
Discrete Neurological Group: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis w/ relative prominence in psuedobulbar & bulbar palsy
Relative Prominence of Speech Deviations
- 1. Imprecise Consonants
- 2. Hypernasality
- 3. Harsh Voice Quality
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