-
What is required to prevent severe life hazard resulting from accidental reactivation of machinery? 653
Lock out, tag out, blank out procedures
-
If equipment is locked out, tag out whom should the key remain with? 654
The person placing the lock or given to a responsible person
-
How many personnel are required to do a limited confined space entry? 656
Minimum of three personnel
-
What 3 requirements must be met to do a limited entry rescue? 656
- The victim is viable from outside of the confined space
- The rescue will wear the SCBA the entire time
- The victims predicament warrants the extra risk to firefighters
-
What are the 3 positions that must be filled to do a limited entry rescue? 656
- An attendant (the company officer)
- A Primary rescuer
- A Back up rescuer
-
What is considered a particularly dangerous type of confined space rescue? 657
Deep shaft rescue where the depth to width ratio is 5:1 or greater
-
A narrow excavation that is deeper than it is wide and is either man-made or a depression in the earth's surface is called a? 658
A trench
-
If a trench is deeper than 5 feet what must be done? 659
It must be sloped shored or otherwise protected
-
How close can the spoil pile be in a trench that is 5 ft or deeper? 659
No closer than 2 feet from the edge of the trench
-
How many feet around the collapse should be exclusion zone be? 659
50 ft
-
How many feet perimeter around the exclusion zone should the operational zone be? 659
150ft
-
How large should the support zone be around the site? 659
300ft
-
What must we assume about all victims involved in a trench rescue? 660
That they are alive until proven otherwise
-
When attempting a rescue there should be no vibrations within how many feet in all directions? 662
300ft
-
When shoring for a trench collapse where should the struts be placed? 662
18 to 24 inches below the trench lip and then progress downward no more than 4 feet apart
-
Who has ultimate responsibility for offshore search and rescue operations in the US? 663
The US Coast Guard
-
In offshore search and rescue operations what is another identifier for the Coast Guard? 663
The federal search and rescue coordinator
-
What is the most common type of technical rescue performed by the fire service every day? 664
Vehicle extrication
-
If the Vehicle extrication is due to a vehicle underneath a semi what should you request? 665
At least 1 Heavy wrecker preferably 2
-
What are the five C's in managing a suicides in progress? TQ 669
- Command
- Contain
- Communicate
- Coordinate
- Control
-
Normally crush syndrome takes how long to occur after entrapment? 669
4 hrs
-
What are the 4 levels of urban search and rescue(USAR) task forces? 675
-
What USAR level is designed for structural collapse of light frame construction and basic rope rescue operations? 675
Light operational level
-
What USAR level is designed for structural collapse or failure of reinforced and unreinforced masonry(URM), tilt ups and heavy timber construction? 676
Medium operational level
-
What USAR level is designed for structural collapse of Reinforced concrete or steel frame construction and confined space rescue operations? 676
Heavy operational level
-
What USAR level is designed for working safely and effectively around a structure collapse incident? 676
Basic operational level
-
What provides a flexible management system during a hazmat incident? 729
The eight step process
-
Regulations are sometimes called? 731
Rules
-
What standards are normally developed by professional organizations as a means for improving individual quality of a product or system? 731
Voluntary consensus standards
-
What happens if a Federal state or local government adopts a consensus standard by reference? 731
It becomes a regulation
-
What OSHA clause requires employers to provide a safe work environment free of recognized hazard? 732
The general duty clause of the OSHA act
-
Which federal hazmat law has the greatest impact on fire service operations? 733
SARA Title III
-
Which regulation establishes important requirements for people who respond to Hazmat incidents? 735
HAZWOPER
-
How many hours of training our first responder operational level required? 736
8 hours
-
How many hours of training are hazmat technicians required? 737
24 hrs
-
Which level of HAZMAT training is required to act as a site liaison between federal state and other government authorities? 738
HAZMAT Specialist
-
To be the on scene IC of a hazmat incident how many hours of training are required? 738
Minimum 24 hours
-
Who regulates hazmat transportation regulations? 739
The department of transportation (DOT)
-
What is a big advantage of the voluntary consensus standards? 741
It allows organizations and corporations to self regulate their business
-
What is the purpose of NFPA 471? 741
To outline the minimum requirements for hazmat incidents
-
What are the 3 levels of private-sector specialists? employees for hazmat? 742
- Level C
- Level B
- Level A (level A being the highest training)
-
What are the 2 levels of EMS/HM incidents? 743
- Level 1 cold zone activities
- Level II warm zone activities
-
Which hazmat act caused a tremendous increase in the interest level of liability? 745
SARA Title III
-
What 5 areas in the hazmat field may cause us to assume liability? 745
- Poor Planning
- Poor training
- Failure to identify hazards
- Failure to warn the public
- Poor or outdated equipment
-
What are the 4 key elements in a hazmat management system? 747
- Planning and preparedness
- Prevention
- Response
- Cleanup and recovery
-
What is the 1st and most critical element of the hazmat management system? 747
Planning
-
What is the foundation of the hazmat planning process? 747
Hazard analysis
-
What 5 benefits does a hazard analysis program provide? 748
- Let's FF know what to expect
- Provides planning
- Create awareness of new hazards
- May indicate a need for preventive actions
- Increase # of successful operations
-
What is the difference between a Process Safety management (PSM) program and a Risk Management Program (RMP) program? 749
PSM primarily pertained to on-site workers and RMP primarily concerned with offsite impacts
-
Who oversees the Process Safety Management (PSM) Program? 749
OSHA
-
Who oversees the Risk Management Program (RMP)? 749
EPA
-
What is the most popular method of hazard analysis used within the petroleum in chemical industry? 750
The Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study
-
What is the coordinating point for development of the emergency operations plan? 751
The local emergency planning commission (LEPC)
-
What are the 4 steps in the hazmat emergency planning process? 751
- Organize the planning team
- Define and implement the major tasks
- Write the plan
- Revise test and maintain the plan
-
Who is responsible for the prevention of Hazmat releases? 753
It is shared between the public and private sectors
-
Who is responsible for enforcement of Hazmat regulations on rail cars? 754
The Federal Railroad administration (FRA)
-
Who is responsible for enforcement of hazmat regulations aboard aircraft? 754
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
-
Who is responsible for enforcement of hazmat regulations on navigable waterways? 754
The US Coast Guard (USCG)
-
An organized group of trained response personnel, operating to handle a hazmat leak or spill is called? 758
Hazmat response teams (HMRT)
-
What are the 2 types of hazmat response teams (HMRT)? 759
- Technical information teams
- Hands-on teams
-
What are the 4 criteria when doing an HMRT needs assessment? 760
- Legal issues
- Political factors
- Economic factors
- Personnel and staffing
-
What must be in place if we attempt to recover costs associated with a hazmat? 761
State or local legislation authorizing cost recovery
-
When are the 5 times that you should get a hazmat physical? 762
- Baseline prior to assignment
- Periodically typically every 12 months not to exceed 24
- Upon termination of employment or reassignment
- After any exposure to a Hazardous material
- At such time as a physician deems necessary
-
What level of training does both OSHA and NFPA recommend for HMRT personnel? 762
Technician
-
After the emergency phase is terminated, does there still need to be a formal transfer command? 763
Yes, to the lead agency responsible for post emergency response operations
-
Who's responsible for all operations that occur in the hot and warm zone of a Hazmat incident? 764
The hazmat group
-
Who is responsible for all functions assigned to the hazmat group? 765
Hazmat group supervisor
-
What are the 5 Functions that are assigned to the Hazmat group supervisor? 765
- Safety
- Site control
- Research
- Entry
- Decon
-
What 5 tasks is the hazmat group supervisor responsible for? 766
- Hazard control zones
- Site monitoring
- Site safety plan
- Tactical objectives of the entry team
- Coordination with ops or the IC
-
Who does the hazmat group safety officer report to? 767
The hazmat group supervisor
-
Who is responsible for all entry operations within the hot zone and should be in constant communication with the entry team? 768
The entry team leader
-
Who comprises the entry team? 768
All personnel who enter and operate within the hot zone
-
What is another name for the backup team on a hazmat incident? 768
The rapid intervention team RIT
-
What are the 5 responsibility of the site access control leader? 768
- Control the spread of contaminants
- Oversee placement of the control zones
- Establish a safe refuge area
- Ensuring people are decontaminated prior to leaving the scene
-
What are the 4 things that the hazmat medical group is responsible for? 769
- Pre-and post entry medical monitoring
- Provide EMS technical assistance
- Provide medical treatment for personnel
- Provide EMS support for the rehab area
-
What are the 8 steps of managing a hazmat incident? 771
- Managing the site
- Identifying the problem
- Evaluating the hazard and risk
- Selecting proper PPE
- Managing information and resources
- Implementing objectives
- Implementing Decon and Clean up
- Terminating the incident
-
Which step is one of the most critical areas of managing a hazmat emergency? 771
Site management and control
-
What are the 5 tasks of site management and control? 771
- Where to approach from
- Establishing command
- Staging other units
- Isolating denying entry
- Implement actions to protect the community
-
What is another name for the hot zone? 772
Restricted or high hazard area
-
What is another name for the warm zone? 772
Limited access area or decontamination zone
-
What is another name for cold zone? 772
Support area
-
Once the hazard area is isolated, what becomes the cornerstone of all further decision making? 773
Proper identification of the materials involved
-
What is the most critical situation for fire officers when emergency operations are already underway? 774
The discovery that hazmats are involved
-
What is important when your scene becomes a hazmat? 774
Establish effective management and control policy to limit the spread of contaminants
-
What must you do with personnel who have been exposed to contaminants on a hazmat? 774
Isolate them and prevent them from leaving the immediate control area
-
On a hazmat incident what is the most critical function that we perform? 774
Hazard and risk evaluation
-
What is defined as the probability of suffering a harm or loss? 775 TQ
Risks
-
What are the 4 factors that can influence "Risk" on a Hazmat call? 775
- Hazard Class and Quantity
- Container Type
- Proximity of Exposures
- Level of available Resources
-
What are the 3 tasks associated with hazard and risk evaluation? 775
- Assessing the hazards that are present
- Evaluating the level of risk
- Establishing a plan to make the problem go away
-
What is the rule of 3's regarding hazmat? 776
Evaluate a minimum of 3 independent information sources
-
What is the 2 main purposes of CHEMTREC? 776
- Provide immediate hazmat advice
- Can access shippers or other expertise for additional follow-up action
-
What 4 times must you call the national response center for transportation hazmat incidents? 777
- When they cause death
- Serious injury
- Property damage in excess of $50,000
- Continuing threat to life and property
-
What are the 3 distinct operational modes in a hazmat incident? 778
- Offensive
- Defensive
- Non-intervention
-
What is a good example of a non-intervention mode strategy? 779
When dealing with a BLEVE potential
-
What level suits are designed for chemical splash protection? 780
Level B and C
-
What level suits are designed for chemical vapor protection? 781
Level A
-
What is the process by which a liquid chemical moves through a given material on a molecular level? 782
Permeation
-
What is defined as the time from initial chemical attack on the outside of the material until it is detected inside? 782
Break through time
-
When wearing chemical protective clothing what is the most likely cause of injury to the responders? 782
Heat stress
-
What are the 2 types of contamination? 787
Surface and permeation
-
What are the 4 factors that affect permeation? 787
- Contact time
- Concentration
- Temperature
- Physical state
-
What are the 2 methods of decontamination? 788
Physical and chemical
-
What are the 4 types of decontamination? 789
- Emergency
- Technical
- Patient
- Mass
-
What are "Emergency" Decon Operations graded on? 789
Speed, not neatness
-
When acids or bases are on bare skin what is the minimum amount of time to flush with water? 789
20 minutes
-
What is another name for Technical Decon? 789
Formal Decon
-
Which type of Decon is considered a worst case scenario? 791
Mass Decon
-
What are the 3 phases for termination of the Hazmat incident? 792
- Incident debriefing
- Post incident analysis
- Incident critique
-
The hazmat incident debriefing should cover what 4 topics? 793
- Health information
- Equipment and apparatus exposure review
- Problems requiring immediate action
- Reinforcement of things that went well
-
What is the purpose of a hazmat critique? 794
To develop recommendations for improving the emergency response system and not to find fault
-
Who provides mandatory minimum requirements for airport firefighting? 816
The federal aviation administration (FAA)
-
During a plane crash the FAA requires a Minimum of what from the airport fire department personnel? 816
That they create a survival path for passengers to self egress
-
What is a common accident associated with ARFF vehicles? 819
Vehicle rollovers
-
What is the most important factor in dealing with ARFF vehicle rollovers? 819
Driver training
-
What airport firefighting agent is mostly used worldwide? 821
AFFF
-
What is the most economical and efficient agent for extinguishing pool fires of hydrocarbon fuels? 821
AFFF
-
What is the standard mix ratio of AFFF that is required by the FAA? 821
3%
-
What technology relies on expansion characteristics of foaming agents to deliver large quantities from relatively small units? 821
Compressed air foam
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