Anatomy Exam

3000 calories

Having too few red blood cells or too little hemoglobin

Produced in response to the presence of a nonself antigen

Chemical that stimulates lymphocytes to produce antibodies

An artery that receives blood from the left ventricle

The hardening of blood vessels

The narrowing of arteries

It receives blood from body and it is the top 2 chambers in the heart

A specialized mass of cardiac muscle fibers that transmits cardiac impulses from sinoatrial node to ventricles and causes them to contract

• Serum albumin- regulates osmotic pressure and maintains blood volume
• Serum globulin- produces antibodies
• fibrinogen- aids in clot formation

The amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree

Small blood vessel that connects veins to arteries

• They are an energy source.
• 3 classifications- polysaccharides, monosaccharides, and disaccharides

• Cells that work together and gives the body more strength.
• Found in the heart.

A thick ring of smooth muscle and prevents reflux of gastric contents from the stomach to the esophagus

Foud in cell membranes, helps synthesize bile salts, vitamin D, and steroid hormones.

Sources- saturated fats (eggs,meats, dairy)

Organic molecule that activates certain enzymes

It empties things into the duodenum and unites with the cystic duct

Supplies blood to the wall of the heart

Lowest arterial blood pressure reached during diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle

The accumulation of fluid within tissure space

The conversion of big fats to little fats

Flap like structure that closes trachea during swallowing and prevents food from entering the lower respiratory tract

red blood cells that are produced in red bone marrow. 1-120 days lifespan. transports oxygen

• Types- saturates, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated.
• Functions- energy source, builds myelin sheath, makes cells membrane, and hormones

Store bile and has walls with smooth muscles

A compound composed of a carbohydrate and protein

Secreted by parietal cells in stomach to deactivate amylase

Foundin thoracic cavity, 70-80 beats per minute, and has 4 chambers

review diagram

• mitral valve, pulmonary valve, and aortic valve.
• They keep the blood flowing in 1 direction

Oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells

An inherited clotting disorder

Stops spontaneous clotting produced in liver

Connects liver to the common bile duct

Good cholesterol. Helps remove excess cholesterol from artery walls and transport back to the liver

Adding water molecules to split a molecule into smaller portions

Prevents chyme from leaving small intestine early and allows the passage of chyme into large intestine

Review diagram

the lymphatic capillary with a cillus of the small intestine

• white blood cells. some have amoebid type movement.
• has nucleus, but no mitosis (if normal)
• 1 wbc= 700 rbc
• 1-14 day lifespan

• 2 lobes- right and left.
• functions- carb+lipid+protein metabolism, storage, bile secretion, detoxification, and blood filtering.

bad cholesterol. transports cholesterol to other cells. deposited in artery walls during high concentration.

the nutrients required in large amounts (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins)

a fold of peritoneal membrane that attaches an abdominal organ to the abdominal wall

the nutrients required in small amounts (vitamins and minerals)

functions- heartbeat, blood clotting, nerve impulse transmission, gas transport, muscle contraction, metabolism, synthesis of hormones/enzymes, and builds teeth/bones.

they produce antibodies, chemical defnse, lymphocytes, and monocytes.

the place where pancreatic juices are excreted into the duodenum

The space between the visceral and parietal pericardial membranes

It fills the space between the membrane and the heart

serous membrane that surrounds the heart

wave-like motion and pushes ingested food forward

serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and encloses the abdominal viscera.

process which a cell engulfs and digests solids

fluid portion of circulating blood

phagocytes, mechanical digestion, neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils.

• types- complete and imcomplete.
• functions- enzymes, contractile proteins, collagen, certain hormones, antibodies.

A thick ring of smooth muscle that prevents chyme from leaving the stomach early

an anti-RH+ antibody serum for mothers with an AH-baby

solid at room temperature. comes from animals.

Specialized tissue that initiates cardiac cycle: pacemaker, regulates heartbeat, and atria contracts

• parts- duodenum, jejunum, ileum
• secretions- mucus, serous fluid, digestive enzymes

medicine to dissolve blood clots

peak arterial blood pressure reached during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle.

platelets. They aide in clotting. smallest blood cells.

good. liquid at room temperature. come from plants.

medulla sends an impulse by means of the nerve to the heart.

hey receive blood from atria and contract to force blood out of the heart into arteries.

fingerlike projections that extend outward from the lining of the small intestine.

they speed up metabolism and form parts of coenzymes.

solution with a greater osmotic pressure then the solution with which it's compared.

solution with a lower osmotic pressure then the solution with which it's compared.