I&M #2 exam review

What are three common solutions to prevent baseline offset of ECG caused by the halfcell potential created between an electrode and skin?

With an ECG, what is the most common cause of artifact signal?  How can this be prevented?

Explain this graph

The INTERFERENCE THEORY states that the ECG is the result of _________ and _________ summation of electrical activity of the _____ as seen by the electrode placed external to the _________ cells of the ______________.

Explain the dipole theory (ECG)

Equipotential lines:  True or false: current and potential lines do not exist the limbs? 
The limbs act as a ___________.
True False

Myocardial electrical activity: 
1) Vector length is the ________ of the gradient.
2) Vector __________ indicates anatomic pathway.

ID structure (all names) and charges

ID part of contraction including wave and area for all 3 leads

ID part of contraction including wave and area for all 3 leads

ID part of contraction including wave and area for all 3 leads

ID part of contraction including wave and area for all 3 leads

ID part of contraction including wave and area for all 3 leads

ID part of contraction including wave and area for all 3 leads

ID part of contraction including wave and area for all 3 leads

What is the acquisition axis?

When making a diagnosis, ECG leads should ______ the heart, to get a proper reading.

Define Einthoven's Law, explain reasoning.

Augmented vector leads are also called ___________ leads.  They show a ___% increase in voltage (over vector leads).  This is accomplished but using the sum of the vector leads, and another electrode.

AVR vector points toward ____
AVL vector points toward ____
AVF vector points toward ______

The reference system that includes the vector leads (triaxial) plus augmented leads is the:

The precordial leads are also called the _________ leads.  They form a vector on the ________ plane.

Name the proper placements of the following leads: V1

Name the proper placements of the following leads: V2

Name the proper placements of the following leads: V3

Name the proper placements of the following leads: V4

Name the proper placements of the following leads: V5

Name the proper placements of the following leads: V6

Modified bipolar limb leads, select lead ___ on screen.

Name the modified limb leads:

What it is the EASI electrode system.

the cardiac vector is the _______ ___ complex.

Normal wave falls within -30 to ___ degrees on axis.  Name other deviations:

Name the time of normal segements and complexes.

name the following waves

The normal range of the electric axis lies between ____ and ____ in the frontal plane

between ____ and _____ in the transverse plane.

the square form at the beginning of ECG graph is the _________ ________.

Differential amp output equation

What is a Common Mode Signal?

Common mode rejection:

Why is there a Right Leg Electrode?

amplitude of ECG waveform

AHA recommends what range for ECG writing

ST segment monitoring ranges

Low Pass filters:

High pass filters:

notch filters

if you increase low cutoff frequency this will effect

if you decrease high cutoff frequency this will effect

Ischemia causes inversion of __ wave.  This is due to altered ____________.

Sinus Dysrhythmia is ____. explain cause

J point