-
Name the components of whole blood
- Erythrocytes
- Leukocytes
- Platelets
- Plasma
-
What makes up the buffy coat?
Leukocytes
-
What is plasma composed of?
- 90% water
- Proteins
- Enzymes
- Hormones
- Lipids
- Salts
-
What is the body's tendency to move toward physiological stabiliy?
Homeostasis
-
What is the body/cellular water concentration, and is composed of 0.85% sodium chloride?
Osmotic concentration
-
What is the pH reference ranges, for both venous and arterial?
- Venous: 7.36-7.41
- Arterial: 7.38-7.44
-
What is normal body temperature?
37 degrees Celcius
-
What is the MCV range?
80-100 fL
-
What does the MCV indicate?
- The average/mean volume of RBC's
- (Size)
-
What is the calculation for MCV?
-
What clinical conditions are associated with an increased MCV?
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Hemolytic anemia with retics
- Liver disease
- Normal in newborns
-
What clinical conditions are associated with a decreased MCV?
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Thalassemia
- Sideroblastic anemia
- Lead poisoning
-
What is the reference range of MCH?
26-34 pg
-
What is MCH an indicator of?
Average weight of hemoglobin in individual RBCs
-
What is the calculation of MCH?
-
What clinical condition is associated with an increased MCH?
Macrocytic anemia
-
What clinical conditions are associated with a decreased MCH?
- Microcytic anemia
- Hypochromic anemia
-
What is the reference range of MCHC?
32-37 g/dL
-
What is MCHC an indicator of?
Average concentration of hemoglobin in grams per deciliter
-
What is the calculation of MCHC?
-
What does a value in between 32-37 g/dL MCHC indicate?
Normochromic RBCs
-
What does a value <32 g/dL MCHC indicate?
- Hypochromic RBCs
- Iron deficiency
- Thalassemia
-
What does a value >37 g/dL MCHC indicate?
- Possible error in RBC or Hgb measurement
- Presence of spherocytes
-
What is the reference range for RDW?
11.5-14.5%
-
What is associated with increased RDW?
- Anisocytosis (variation in size)
- Post-transfusion
- Post-treatment (Iron, B12, Folic acid treatment)
- Idiopathic siderblastic anemia
-
What is the reference range for HCT?
- Males: 41-53%
- Females: 36-46%
-
What is the calculation for HCT?
-
What is the reference range of Hgb?
- Males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL
- Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dL
-
What is the reference range of platelets?
150-450 x 109/L
-
What is the reference range of MPV?
6.8-10.2 fL
-
What is the term for the amount of a cell type in realtion to other blood components?
Relative count
-
What is an increase in the percentage of lymphs and frequently associated with neutropenia?
Relative lymphocytosis
-
Describe relative polycythemia?
RBCs appear increased due to decreased plasma volume
-
What is the actual number of each cell type without respect to other blood components?
Absolute count
-
What is the most commonly used stain for peripheral blood smear?
Wright's Stain
-
What stains are included in Wright's stain?
- Methylene blue
- Eosin
- Methanol fixative
-
Name some polychrome stains
- Wright
- Giemsa
- Leishman
- Jenner
- May-Grunwald
-
What is the term for a type of stain used for nonvital (dead) cells?
- Polychrome stain
- (Romanowsky)
-
Name a nonvital monchrome stain
Prussian blue
-
What is a stain that stains a specific cellular component?
Nonvital monochrome stain
-
What stain is used to stain iron granules in RBCs, histiocytes, and urine epithelial cells?
Prussian blue
-
What is the stain Prussian blue used for?
To stain iron granules
-
What type of stain is used on living cells for a specific cellular component?
Supravital monochrome stain
-
Name some supravital monochrome stains
- New methylene blue
- Neutral red with brillian cresyl green
-
What is New methylene blue used to stain?
- Used to see precipitate RNA in reticulocytes
- Used to measure bone marrow erythropoiesis
-
What is Neutral red with brillian cresyl green used to stain?
Heinz bodies
-
What clinical conditions are associated with Heinze Bodies?
- G6PD deficiency
- Unstable hemoglobin disorders
|
|
