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Final/Definitive Host
Harbors adult, mature, or sexual stage of parasite.
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Intermediate Host
Harbors larval, immature, asexual stage of parasite
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Paratenic/ Transport Host
2nd host, not required for completion of life cycle.
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Give two examples of parasites that have an intermediate host, name the host.
- 1.) Heartworms- mosquitos
- 2.) Taenia tapeworms- fleas
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Obligatory Parasite
Requires a host to develop.
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Facultative Parasite
Most of life cycle free living
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Spurious/Pseudoparasite
Parasite not normally found in host, or in host feces
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Damage to the host and clinical signs of the host are dependent upon:
- Age of host
- Health of host
- Pathogenicity of parasite
- Life cycle stage of parasite
- # of adult parasites
- duration of infection
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What are the three types of transmission of parasites?
- 1.) Direct contact
- 2.) Fomite contamination
- 3.) Arthropod borne
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List examples of how parasites can be spread by direct contact.
- Oral ingestion of infective stage
- Sexual contact
- Skin penetration
- Lungs- inhaling parasite
- In-utero
- Physical closeness
- Blood-borne
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List examples of fomites that can be sources of parasite transmission.
Tack, food bowls, litterbox, chew toys, needles
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Vector
Arthropods that trasmit infection
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Diagnosis of parasites is based on:
- Clinical signs
- Knowledge of life cycle of parasite
- Presence of adults in vomitus or feces
- Presence of eggs in feces
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Direct vs Indirect life cycles
Direct does not require an intermediate host, indirect does.
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