NASM CPT Chpt - 2

The combination and interrelation of the nervous, skeletal, and muscular system

A conglomerate of billions of cells specifically designed to provide a communication network within the human body

The ability of the nervous system to sense changes in either the internal or external environment

The ability of the NS to analyze and interpret sensory information to allow for proper decision making, which produces the appropriate response.

The neuro-muscular systems response to the sensory information

THe cumulative sensory input to the CNS from all the mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb movement

The functional unit of the Nervous system

Transmit nerve impulses from effector sites (such as muscles and organs) via receptors to the brain and spinal cord.

Transmit nerve impulses from one neuron to another

Transmit nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effector sites

The portion of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord

Cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body

Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distortion in body tissues

Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the rate of that change

Receptors sensitive to change in tension of the muscle and the rate of that change

Receptors surrounding a joint that respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration of the joint.

• Consists of 
• 1. Skull
• 2. Rib Cage
• 3. Vertebral Column

• Consists of
• 1. Upper Extremities
• 2. Lower Extremities

Joint Motion

A layer of connective tissue that is underneath the fascia and surrounds the muscle

The connective tissue that surrounds the fascicles

The deepest layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers

Connective tissue that connects bones to bones

Connective tissues that connect muscle to bone

THe functional unit of muscle that produces musculature contraction and consists of repeating sections and action and myosin

The contraction of a muscle generated by neural activation

A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates

Chemical messengers that cross the neuromuscular junction (synapse) to transmit electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle

1. A sarcomere shortens as a result of the Z lines moving closer together 

2. The Z lines converge as the result of the myosin heads attaching to the action filament and asynchronously pulling (power strokes) the actin filament across the myosin, resulting in shortening of the muscle fibers.

• More capillaries, mitochondria, and myoglobin
• Increase oxygen delivery
• Smaller in size
• Less force produced 
• Slow to fatigue
• Long-term contraction (stabilization)

• Fewer capillaries, mitochondria, and myoglobin
• Decreased oxygen delivery
• Larger in size
• More force produced
• Quick to fatigue
• Short-term contractions (force and power)

Function: Prime Mover

• Exercise:
• 1) Chest Press ---------- Pectoralis Major
• 2) Overhead Press ----- Deltoid
• 3) Row ------------------ Latissimus Dorsi
• 4) Squat -------------- Gluteus Maximus,  Quads

Function: Assist Prime Mover

• Exercise:
• 1) Chest Press ---------- Anterior deltoid, triceps
• 2) Overhead Press ----- Triceps
• 3) Row ------------------ Posterior Deltoid, Biceps
• 4) Squat -------------- Hamstring Complex

Function: Stabilize while prime mover and synergist work

• Exercise:
• 1) Chest Press ---------- Rotator Cuff
• 2) Overhead Press ----- Rotator Cuff
• 3) Row ------------------ Rotator Cuff
• 4) Squat -------------- Transverse Abdominis

Function: Oppose prime mover

• Exercise:
• 1) Chest Press ---------- Posterior Deltoid
• 2) Overhead Press ----- Latissimus Dorsi
• 3) Row ------------------ Pectoralis Major
• 4) Squat ---------------- Psoas