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What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Central and Peripheral
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How many cranial nerves are there?
12
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How many spinal nerves are there?
31
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What makes up the Central Nervous system?
spinal cord and brain
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What does the afferant nervous system pretain to?
sensory and input
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What does the efferent system pretain to?
Motor and output
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What are two Afferant Sensorys?
Somatic and Viscoral
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What does the Somatic Sensory include?
Skin Joints and Skeletal muscle and allows you to know where your body parts are.
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What does the Viscoral sensory include?
condition of body parts, pee, poop, if your are hungry or full
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Is somatic Nervous System voluntary or involutary and what muscle group is involved?
voluntary ( skeletal muscle)
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Is Autonomic Nerous System voluntary or involutary and what muscles and glands are involved?
Involuntary . The cardiac and smooth muscle along with exocrine and endocrine gland.
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How does parasympathetic effect the body?
rest or digest, collects and conserves energy, depressed or hopeless, small pupil, sleepy, drool, slow heart-rate, get hungry, have to pee, breath shallow, brain shuts down, immune system shuts down.
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How does Sympathetic effect the body?
Flight or fight, use energy, pupil dialates, heart rate goes up, sweat, stomach shuts down, cant pee, breathe deep, blood flow to brain increases, boost immune system.
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What does a Astrocyte do in the CNS?
House keeping BBB (feed, clean, support, protect)
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What does a Microglia do in the CNS?
White blood Cell (clean and protect)
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what does the Oligodendrocyte do in the CNS?
Insulate and support
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What does the Ependymal do in the CNS?
Creates and circulates cerebralspinal fluid.
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What does the Satellite do in the PNS?
protects
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What does the Schwann do in the PNS?
Insulate
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What does BBB stand for ?
Blood Brain Barrier
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What does Amitic mean?
Does not divide
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What does Mitotic mean?
Can divide
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What is a Neuroglral cell ?
It is a support cell that can support 10 cells.
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Bipolar shape?
looks like an apple with an arrow through it and it is the least common.
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unipolar shape?
looks like an arrow missed the apple.
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Multipolar shape?
Looks like you arm and hand with you fingers extended and is the most common.
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Out of sensory, associative, and motor with one is the most common and which one means output?
Associative is the most common and motor means output.
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What are two types of Peripheral Nerves?
Afferant and Efferent
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What two things listen to your brain?
Muscles and Glands
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Muscle and Glands are _____?
Effectors
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The Centeral Nervous System is _______?
Intergative
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Peripheral nerves are_____?
Spinal Nerves
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What does the Proprioceptor Sensory do?
It allows you to know where you body parts are.
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What does Aracnoid mean?
Web like
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What does Duro mean?
Tough
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What is the Node of Ranvier ?
The spaces between the schwann.
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What does the schwann do?
forms the meylin sheath on the axon by wrapping around multipule times
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What insulates on axon?
Phospholipids and cholesterol
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What is the myelin sheath only cell membrane made of and does it contain cytoplasm?
phospholipid and cholestrol and it does not contain cytoplasm.
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The three conective tissue wrappings of a nerve are?
epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium
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What does a musle do?
pulls
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Muscles control movement in everything except?
flagella, white blood cells , and the liquid in cells
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How does muscle affect posture?
It stablizes it.
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Skeletal muscles create?
Heat
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Out of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles which one does not have strations?
smooth
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Out of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles which one is the only one that has more than one nucleus?
skeletal
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Out of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles which is the only one that is voluntary control?
skeletal
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List the muscles in the order from fastest to slowest in the way they contract?
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
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List the muscles in order from the fastest to slowest it the way they fatigue?
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
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What is the difference between orgin and insertion?
Orgin is attached to the immovable bone and insertion is attached to the moveable bone.
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What is the difference between action and antagonist?
Action is movement and Antagonist is oppisite of the action.
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What is the differece between tendon and aponeuroses?
tendons are cord-like and aponeuroses are sheet-like
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Define Perimysium?
fasicle
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Define Sarcolemma?
Cell Membrane
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Define Sarcoplasm?
cytoplasm
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Excitablity allows the muscle to do what?
respond
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Contractility allows the muscle to do what?
PULL
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Extensibilty allows the muscle to do what?
stretch
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Elasticity allows the muscle to do what?
snap back
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What do fiber reactions mean?
all or nothing
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What do muscle organ reactions mean?
Graded response
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What is a graded response?
different number of motor units involved and different impulse frequency.
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How many fibers does a motor neuron have?
10-500
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What chemical stops the impules from the axon to the receptor?
Acedocolean
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Define Flaccid?
when the muscle becomes soft or flabby and begans to waste away.
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What is one signal sent to a muscle?
Twitch
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What is multipule signals sent to a muscle?
Tetanus
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How many seconds does Stored ATP give you?
5
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How many seconds does glucose+carbon dioxide+water+heat give you?
36-38
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How many seconds does glucose+ lactic acid + 2 apt give you?
50 second supply and glucose is 2 and a half times faster.
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What is the difference between Isotonic and Isometric?
Isotonic means same tone or tension, Isometric means same measurement or length.
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Define Atrophy?
Wasting away
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Define antagonist?
undue action
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Define Synorgist?
assist action
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Define Fixator?
Holds bone in postion so another muscle can pull and move it.
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What is the benefits of aerobic excerise with oxygen?
Strength, endurance, flexiblity, myoglobin, efficiency
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What is the benefits of anaerobic excerise with out oxygen?
strength, size, supporting connective tissue.
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