E02 Problem Solving and Decision Analysis (Test Review)

An approach to minimize Groupthink is to

High Cohesiveness, Directive Leadership, and
High Stress are antecedent conditions for ______________.

A recent review of the decision situation in the Challenger incident identified which two variables as being important to the groupthink phenomena?

A good group decision approach when an objective is to maximize the number of
alternative is _____________.

Electronic brainstorming overcomes two common problems that can produce verbal group brainstorming failure.  These common problems include:

_____________ is a technique that is valuable in its ability to generate a number of independent judgments without the requirement of face-to-face meetings

An antidote for groupthink in self-managed teams is ____________.

Participative decision making tends to be associated with _______________.

A key organizational requirement for participation and empowerment includes ______________.

Which one of the following is NOT considered to be an individual prerequisite for participation and empowerment?

A.   Capability for psychological involvement
B.   Reliance on external rewards
C.   Motivation to act autonomously
D.   Ability to see relevance for one’s own well being

Match the following…

A.  Relatively simple problem that can be solved with a standard rule

B.  Logical, systematic problem solving

C.  A solution that is timely and acceptable

D.  An unstructured unique problem situation that requires a creative solution

E.   The practice of selecting an acceptable, but probably not the best solution

1.   Nonprogrammed Decision

2.   Effective Decision

3.   Rational Model

4.   Satisficing

5.   Programmed Decision

Match the following…

A.  Simple decision rule

B.  An inclination to choose options displaying minimal risk

C.  Decisional situation where options have
probabilities of success

D.  Delegating and giving employees authority to make decisions

E.   A situation where a person continues to
follow/implement an option even though its chances of success are minimal and possibly declining

1.  Risk Aversion

2.  Empowerment

3.  Escalation of Commitment

4.  Heuristics

5.  Risk

The initial step in problem solving is ___________.

The final two steps in the decision making process:

Intuition would be a major part of input for a
manager making what kind of decision?

An effective decision has 3 components:

Rational model of decision making assumes the decision maker can calculate the probability of success for all alternatives. 

TRUE or FALSE?
True False

In the rational model the decision maker strives to _____________.

Bounded rationality says that managers are comfortable making decisions without
identifying all options. 

TRUE or FALSE
True False

Bounded Rationality Theory was first purposed by ______________.

Important element in bounded rationality is _______________.

Heuristics are algorithms based on complex decision makings? 

TRUE or FALSE?
True False

Which decision making model realistically portrays managerial decision process?

An effective way of managing decisions in order to avoid escalation of commitment is to have groups instead of the individual
make the initial investment decision.  

TRUE or FALSE?
True False

Three reasons why managers hang on to a losing course of action or escalate their commitment:

The 4th step of the Z model of problem solving is _____________.

In consideration of whether the left or right side of the brain should be utilize in decision making the ideal situation is to be __________.

The right side of the brain is best used for
what kind of activities?

Continuing to support a failing course of action is known as the _________________.

Henry Mintzberg, regarding intuition, managerial rules suggests managers rarely use information/intuition? 

TRUE or FALSE
True False

Can intuition be taught?

Westin Agor conducts workshops for managers and obtained positive results for many organizations, Agor stated to do the
following before making a decision:

Which stage of creativity occurs when one engages in activity while the mind considers the problem?

Which of the following is generally not associated with creative abilities of creativity?

Organization could increase creativity by:

Searching for one right answer and avoiding problems outside your own expertise would be considered what type of problem for creativity?

Responsive creativity is discovering problems because you want to be creative.

TRUE or FALSE?
True False

Group approach to decision making is most appropriate when employees may be in
conflict over a preferred solution. 

TRUE or FALSE
True False

The majority wins rule in group decision making is an example of ____________.