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Acid
chemical compound that releases H+ to a solution
polar molecule
an uneven distribution of charge
solvent
the dissolving agent
aqueous solution
when water is the solvent
evaporative cooling
body becomes cooler as water evaporates from it
solution
a liquid consisting of a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more subtances
solute
substance that is dissolved
heat
amount of energy associated w/ the movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter
cohesion
tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together
chemical reaction
process leading to chemical changes in matter, involving the making/breaking of chemical bonds
Hydrogen bond
weak chemical bond formed when a partially positive H- atom from one polar molecule is attached to the partially negative atom in another molecule
base
compound that accepts H+ and removes them from the solution
ionic bond
the attraction b/w oppositely charged ions (transfer)
covalent bond
two atoms share one or more pairs of outer shell electrons; strongest bonds
ions
atoms/molecules that are electrically charged as a result of gaining/losing electrons
buffer
substance that minimize changes in pH by accepting H+ when that ion is in excess and donation H+ when it is depleted
temperature
measures the intensity of heat (average speed of molecules)
pH scale
measure of Hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
radioactive isotope
nucleus decays spontaneously giving off particles and energy
electrons
-only one directly involved in chemical activity
-farther away electron is from nucleus, greater the energy
-# of electrons in outermost shell determines the chemical properties of the atom
isotopes
an element that has the same # of protons and electrons, but different # of neutrons (differ in mass)
mass number
protons + neutrons
atomic number
# of protons
atom
smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
compound
substance that contains 2+ elements
element
a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
Surface tension
measures how difficult it is to stretch/break surface of a liquid
mass
measure of the amount of material in an object
3 types of chemical bonds
ionic
covalent
hydrogen
matter
anything that takes up space and has mass
non polar molecule
even distribution of charge
Author
sluwoye
ID
208314
Card Set
Bio
Description
Midterm
Updated
2013-03-19T19:53:22Z
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