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The type of trait, or allele that, if present, will cause the trait
Dominant
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The genetic makeup of an organism (the alleles that cause the trait)
genotype
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When an individual has two different alleles for a particular trait
Heterozygous
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The type of trait or allele that is hidden and of which there must be two copies in order for the trait to show
recessive
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A description of the physical look or behavior of an organism
Phenotype
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When an individual has two of the same alleles for a particualr trait
Homozygous
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What do the letters along the side of the punnett square represent
Parent Gametes
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What do the letters inside of the Punnett Squares represent
Zygotes genotypes
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Two alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed
Law of Segregation
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instead of blending together, some traits will override other traits
Law of Dominance
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During gamete formations genes for different traits separate independently from one another
Law of Independent Assortment
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A person with curly hair and a person with straight hair have a child with wavy hair
Codominance
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Skin color is different b/c of six different genes
Polygenic
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Extra fingers is caused by a single gene that, if present, causes the disease
Simple dominance
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Cystic fibrosis can only occur if both parents give the same allele
Recessive inheritance
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Hemophila is caused by a gene that is found on the X chromosome
Sex linked chromosome
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There are three alleles for blood types; every individual only recevies two
multiple alleles
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Germ Cell
Sex Cell (egg,sperm)
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What is the difference between a germ cell and a somatic cell mutation? Which can be passed on to offspring?
Germ cell is the only mutation that can be passed on. Somatic only affects you
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Examples of chromosomal mutation
- Trisomy
- Monosomy
- Down syndrome
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Examples of gene mutation
- Color Blindness
- Huntington
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