Community Nutrition Test 2

an approach to paying for health care in which insurers try to limit the use of health services, reduce costs, or both. The term typically refers to HMOs and PPOs. This process aims to prevent unnecessary treatment by requiring enrollees to obtain approval for nonemergency hospital care and denying payment for wasteful treatment.

a prepaid plan that both finances and delivers health care. Enrollees do not file claims. Checkups and other forms of preventative care typically are covered. Enrollees generally must use the plan's providers or face financial penalties. In this process, providers are paid a fixed sum, eliminating the financial incentive to overtreat.

a group of providers, usually hospitals and doctors, who agree to provide health care to subscribers for a negotiated fee, which is usually discounted. In this process, the provider is subject to peer review and strict use controls in exchange for a consistent volume of patients and speedy turnaround on claim payments.

a health insurance program for (1) people who are 65 years of age or over and eligible for Social Security benefits; (2) qualified railroad retirement beneficiaries; (3) people eligible for Social Security disability; (4) certain workers with end-stage renal disease; and (5) merchant seamen.

A federally aided, state administered program that provides medical benefits for certain low-income persons in need of health and medical care.

A cost-sharing requirement that provides that the insured will assume a portion of the costs of covered services.

A payment system under which hospitals are paid a fixed sum per case according to a schedule of diagnosis-related groups.

A method of classifying patients' illnesses according to principal diagnosis and treatment requirements for the purpose of establishing payment rates. Under Medicare each DRG has its own payment rate, which a hospital is paid regardless of the actual cost of treatment. The rate is payment in full, nonnegotiable, and not subject to appeal.

The amount of loss or expense that must be incurred by a person who is insured before an insurer will assume any liability for all or part of the remaining cost of covered services. Deductibles may be fixed dollar amounts or the value of specified services (eg. two days of hospital care or one visit to a physician).

Insurance that covers medical expenses not covered by separate health insurance held by the insured.

The portion of the charge that the patient must pay.

An employer that pays medical costs directly rather than through an insurance company.

a much criticized aspect of the existing health care system in which hospitals and other providers bill indemnity insurers higher rates to recover the costs of charity care and to make up for discounts given to HMOs, PPOs, Medicare, and Medicaid.

Payment made by a third part (eg. government or private commercial insurance).

The condition that is chiefly responsible for the patient's need for health care services. This process determines the payment the hospital receives for Medicare.

Procedures to be used by doctors, hospitals, and other health professionals for treating various conditions to ensure the most effective care.

Detailed procedures for care that are specified to the disease or condition and type of patient.

An end result of the health care process; a measurable change in the patient's state of health or functioning.

An approach to evaluation that takes into account both costs and outcomes of intervention for a specific purpose. The analysis is especially useful for comparing alternative methods of intervention.

professionals manipulate the spine and other joints through which the nervous system passes to enable the body to heal from within.

goal of these professionals is to establish balance among the dosha so pathogens are not the main object of treatment but the person's overall integration and resistance is the concern.

manipulation to improve blood flow for healing.

symptoms are seen as signals or trouble in the flow of Chi.

Researchers have shown this herb to be superior to dimenhydrinate in reducing symptoms of motion sickness.

A form of medicine that uses return to nature in regulating breathing, exercise, bathing, and elimination of poisonous products in the system to raise vitality of the patient to a proper standard of health.

A nature based paradigm that views health as a function of a balanced harmonious flow of chi and illness results when there is a blockage or imbalance in the flow of chi.

contains lycopene which is one of natures most powerful antioxidants

the mysterious mechanisms by which the power of suggestion can result in a physiological change

professionals use lengthy questionnaires for diagnosis and determine your regime (rasayana) of herbs, meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises.

healing is a matter of supporting the body's own healing mechanisms

professionals who believe illness occurs becuase of disturbance in the nervous system caused by derangements of the musculoskeletal structure.

herb that promotes activity of lymphocytes, phagocytes, interferon and increases body's resistance to bacteria.

a popular remedy for mild depression

an herb that appears to enhance blood flow to brain with individuals who have multi-infarct dementia or Alzheimer's dementia to improve cognitive function.

It contains isoflavones that act as weak estrogens to reduce the risk for breast cancer and osteoporosis.

tea from this herb may be useful to control diarrhea

an herb that increases photosensitivities so consumers needed to be careful in sunlight.

FDA has issued warnings for this herb because it is a CNS stimulant, it raises blood pressure, causes nervousness, headaches, insomnia, dizziness, vomiting and possibly death.

Polyphenols in this herb may be useful to decrease risk of esophageal cancer.

an herb that acts as an immunostimulant if taken at onset of a cold but should not be used for more than 10 days

an anti-inflammatory herb that can cause water retention if consumed in excess

an herb that has been used as a cough remedy because of its stimulating effect on secretions of the bronchial mucosa.

an herb being tested for symptoms of menopause.

a fairly common herb even though its benefits to humans have not been clearly identified

used for urinary tract infections

Access by all people at all times to enough food through normal channels for an active healthy lifestyle.

The inability to acquire or consume adequate quality of sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways, or the uncertainty that one will be able to do so.

Widespread lack of access to food due to natural disasters, political factors, or war: characterized by a large number of deaths due to starvation and malnutrition.

The state of having too little money to meet minimum needs for food, clothing, and shelter.

The dollar amounts below which a family would be viewed as living in poverty

_________________ is used in the poverty threshold calculations. It reflects a diet that is just barely adequate and is designed for short-term use when funds are extremely low.

____________________ are another version of the federal poverty measure. They are a simplified version of the poverty thresholds and are used for administrative purposes.

Who are the hungry in the US?

What are the causes of hunger in the US?

How can we decrease food costs?

What can an RD or nutrition major do to assist in resolving hunger issues?

______________________ administers the 14 US Department of Agriculture (USDA) food assistance programs (1) Goals are to provide needy people with access to a more nutritious diet. (2) To improve the eating habits of the nation's children. (3) To stabilize farm prices through the distribution of surplus foods.

Government program that provides cash, commodities or services to all qualifying low income individuals or households. Eg. food stamps

_________________ serves as a food guide for a nutritious diet at a minimal cost-used as the basis for food stamp allotments and is maintained by the USDA's Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Nonprofit community organizations that collect surplus commodities from the government and edible but often unmarketable foods from private industry for use by nonprofit charities, institutions and feeding programs at nominal cost

Small feeding operations attached to existing organizations such as churches, civic groups, or nonprofit agencies that serve prepared meals that are consumed onsite. They generally do not require clients to show identification.

A national network hunger-relief organization to which the majority of food banks belong

Nonprofit programs that help to feed people in need by linking sources of unused, unserved cooked and fresh food-such as caterers, restaurants, hotel kitchens, and cafeterias-with social service agencies that serve meals to people who would otherwise go hungry.

The development and enhancement of sustainable, community-based strategies to ensure that all persons in a community always have access to culturally acceptable, nutritionally adequate food through local nonemergency sources

_____________________ such activities as salvaging perishable produce from grocery stores; rescuing surplus prepared food from restaurants and caterers; and collecting nonperishable food from manufacturers, supermarkets, or people's homes. The items recovered are donated to hungry people.

The harvesting of excess food from farms, orchards, and packing house to feed the hungry

Process of policy making

School breakfast program

special milk program

summer food service program for children

food distribution program

SNAP

Emergency food assistance program

commodity supplemental food program

Child and adult care food program

healthy eating index

current nutrition problems for children and adolescents

steps for developing a wellness program

total diet study

YRBS

Jan 2012 standards for healthy school meals

Eat smart. Play hard

Farm-to-school

Fruits and Veggies-More Matters

Best Bones Forever

Fuel up to play 60

kids café

Older Americans Nutrition Program

Adult day care food program

very low food insecurity

CHIP

ICD