Cold war era

The Nuremburg Trials were when the Allies put 22 lead Nazis on trial for violating war 'crimes against humanity' (especially crimes against the holocaust)

• 1 committed suicide
• 3 acquitted
• 11 death penalty
• 7 sentenced to prison

The Nuremburg Trials established the principal that individuals would be held responsible for their actions even in time of war

United States led by Douglas MacArthur occupied Japan from 1945-1952

• Japan had to disband their military
• Japan wrote a new constitution creating a democratic government

They became the leader in economic power because U.S. game Japan 3 Billion dollars to help rebuild. They spent that money to build new factories, had quality education system, and did not have to spend money on a military.

The Yalta Conference was a meeting held between the United States, Britain, and Russia to plan for the end of WW||

• At the Yalta Conference they decided that Germany would be divided into 4 zones controlled by U.S. ,Britain ,Russia and France. Soviet Union agreed to remove troops and allow free elections in Eastern European countries liberated from German control.
• created the United Nations

The United Nations was an international peacekeeping organization created to avoid was and settle international dispute peacefully.

U.S., France, Britain, soviet Union, and china

Stalin refused to keep his agreement tonremove Soviet troops and allow an open election in Eastern Europe.

• East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, and Poland.
• they became known as Satellite Nations.

The Iron Curtain was an imaginary line that separated Eastern Europe and Western Europe.

The Truman Doctrine Is a policy issued by president Truman after the Soviet Union supported commits revolutions in turkey and Greece  that stated the U.S. would support nations against Communism.

The policy of Containment was a policy created by the U.S. to stop the spread of Communism by the Soviet Union outside the Iron Curtain.

• The Marshall Plan was when the U.S. sent 13 billion dollars in grants and loans to 17 western European countries to help them rebuild after WW||.
• They did this because if the western Europeans were economically recovered then that meant strong democracies which helped to stop the spread of Communism.

This was when U.S. , Britain, and France gave up their zones, creating West Germany. Russia kept their zone creating East Germany.

They did this to try and get west Germany to surrender west Berlin.

NATO was a military alliance with U.S. and western European countries to defend western European countries against attack by Soviet Union.

This was created in response to NATO by the Soviet Union. It was a military alliance with its satellite nations in eastern Europe.

This was when U.S. and Soviet Union began to both build nuclear bombs and ICBMs to use in case of war between the two.

Mao Zedong created communes which were huge government collective farms which resulted in crop failures and a famine killing 20 million people. It ended in 1961

This was when Mao felt officials had moved to far away from communist principle and social equality. So Mao created Red Guards to reassert his control and arrest people of upper class who opposed communist philosophy.

It was stopped because of its impact on the economy, closing down factories and decreasing farm production.

In 1989 Beijing students Led a rally demanding democracy in China at Tiananmen Square , Deng sent in military killing and sending thousands to prison for promoting democracy.

After WW|| Korea was divided into North (communist) and South (pro-America) Korea by the Allies. In 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea to unite the country in communist rule.

The united Nations forces led by American General Douglas MacArthur supported South Korea forcing North Korea to retreat deep into their own territory.

This was the original border between north and South Korea.

• From 1945-1954 the Vietnam led by Ho Chi Minh fought the French for their independence.
• This led to the Geneva Conference which North Vietnam (led by communist Ho Chi Minh) and South Vietnam ( American backed dictator Ngo Dinah Diem)

These were communist guerrillas that fought South Vietnam to overthrow corrupt government. They are supported by North Korea.

President Johnson sends American troops to Vietnam after North Vietnamese patrol boats attack two American destroyers.

This was a military alliance between southeastern Asia Countries following the Geneva Conference in 1954

Member nations were Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, South Vietnam, Cambodia, Singapore, Brunei, and Burma.

It failed because nations had to have total agreement on any actions taken. SEATO was disbanded in 1977

Fidel Castro was the leader of a revolution in Cuba during the Cuban Missile crisis where he over threw the Cuban dictator, implemented Communism and developed ties with the Soviet Union.

Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles if America agreed to not invade Cuba and remove missiles from turkey.