-
acute abdomen
- inflammation
- obstruction
- perforation
- ischemic
-
only condition that gives pain and bleeding in gi?
ischmic process
-
rx for perforation
explorative laparatomy
-
rx for choangitis due to stones?
ercp
-
next step with cancer in the liver?
ct to see extent of tumor
-
hepatic adenoma are caused by?
next step when suspecting?
-
all absecesses are drained except which one?
amebic abscess
-
obstructive jaundice, next step in management?
ultrasound
-
best initial step for volvulus?
intussusseption?
-
-
rx for gallbladder pancreatitis?
conservative if doesnt respond, ercp
-
rx for asymptomatic gallstones?
nothing
-
rx for cholecystitis?
conservative and the cholecystectomy
-
do you do cholecystetcomy for cholangitis?
yers
-
gallblasddr stones cauing any kind of inflammation, must be treated and is cholecystectomy done?
yes
-
when do you drain a pancreatic pseudocyst?
- if its larger than 6 cm
- if its been there for longer than 6 months
-
when do umbilical hernias close?
by 2 years of age
-
rx of hernias in adults?
elective repair
-
rx for a newly irreducible hernia
emergency repair
-
most accurate test for breast cancer?
biopsy
-
tumor in a young woman?
fibroadenoma
-
cause of fluid discharge from a nipple?
intraductal papilloma
-
rx for cancer in a pregnant woman?
- no chemo in 1st trimester
- no radiation at all during pregnancy
-
best iniitla test for suspecting breast cancer?
fna
-
how do you proceed with cancers that are operable?
inoperable?
surgery then chemo and hormonal therapy
inoperable--chemo and hormone therapy then surgery
-
how are cancers operated on in a large breast where the cancer is far from the nipple?
in a small breast with the tumor near the nipple?
lumpectomy
modified mastectomy
-
what hormones are given post mastectomy if a woman is premenapausal?
post menapuasal
-
what is anostrozole?
aromatase inhibitor used in breast cancer in postmenapausal women
-
most accurate test for ze?
- high gastrin levels with secretin given
- high gastrin level with gasric acidity
-
test to exclude metastasis in ze?
somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with endoscopic ultrasound
-
how is local disease of ze treated?
metastatic?
-
gastrinoma--recurrent peptic ulcers
insulinoma-hypoglycemia
glucagonoma--migratory necrotizing dermatitis + hyperglycemia
-
management of a person with dyspepsia who is under 45?over 45?
- under 45--empiric PPI or h pylori serology
- over 45--scope them
-
when do you suspect ze?
ulcers are large, multiple, in distal duodenum, recurrent after h pylori eradication
-
how do you detect the location of pheo? if it is outside the adrenals?
MIBG scanning
-
excessive salivation and coiling of the ng tube in the esophagus?
esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula
-
rx for meconium ileus?
esaphogram
-
causes of double bubble sign?
- duodenal atresia
- annular pancreas
- volvulus
-
dx and rx for intussusspetion?
barium enema
-
trouble with swallowing and breathing in (stridor)?
vascular ring
-
when do you anticoagulate for valvular af?
all meaning rheumatic heart valves, prosthetic heart valves, repaired heart valves
-
best initial test for asd?
most accurate?
-
which one presents earlier, tof or togv?
togv
-
how much fev1 needs to be left after lung surgery for cancer?
fev1 = 800mL
-
way to monitor instantaneous blood pressure if a pt is on a pressor?
arterial line
-
6 types of transfusion reactions?
rx?
- febrile nonhemolytic-tylenol
- acute hemolytic-abo incompatibility
- delayed hemolytic--rh incompatibility
- anaphylactic-epinephrine, intubation, fluids
- urticarial-- benadryl
- Thrombocytopenic
-
next step in management
1-pelvic fracture + DPL showing blood i pelvis?
2-pelvic fracture + DPL shows urine in pelvis?
3-pelvic fracture+ DPL shows nothing +hemo instability?
4-blunt abdo trauma + FAST shows fluid in pelvis and unstable vital signs?
5-blunt abdo trauma + fast shows no fluid + unstable vital signs?
6-blunt abdo trauma + unstable vital signs + fast inconclusive?
7-Blunt abdo trauma + stable vital sign?
8-Abdo stab wound + hypotensive or signs of peritonitis?
- 1-emergency laparotomy
- 2-urgent laparotomy
- 3-angiogroaphy for retroperitoneal hemorrhage
- 4-urgen laparatomy
- 5-angiography for retropeiro
- 6-dpl
- 7-ct of abdo and pelvis
- 8-emergency laparotomy
|
|
