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How is the field of "sports medicine" defined?
Difference specialized areas related to performance and injury
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What is the role of the team physcian?
The team physician is the final authority in determining when an injured athlete can return to practice and competition
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What are the symptoms of shock
- Sluggish/Drowsy
- Respirations are shallow and rapid
- Skin is ashen and clammy
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What's the first action that must be taken when assessing an injured athlete?
Determine level of consciousness and unrepsonsiveness
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When transporting an athlete with a suspected spine/pelvic injury, what technique should be used?
Use a spine board and move under medical direction
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In an effort to accurately asses the extent of a musculoskeletal injury, what is the first step that should be taken?
Ask for a history
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After an injury, acute management should be done for how many hours?
72
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What degree classification of a ligament sprain involves total tearing of tissue
Grade III
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Which of the following would be considered an acute injury
1. Peroneal longus tenosynovitis
2. Shoulder Subluxation
3. Patellar Tendinitis
4. Hip osteoarthritis
3. Patellar Tendinitis
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Which condition is characterized by pain and discomfort during and immediately following excercise?
Acute onset muscle soreness
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What type of injury occurs when a bone comes partially out of its normal articulation then goes right back into place?
Subluxation
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List signs and symptoms of the 3 Grades of injuries
- Grade I: Some pain & discomfort, a mild disruption in normal function. May be some swelling/inflammation
- Grade II: Pain, swelling and partial loss in function - small tears in ligaments/muscle tissue
- Grade III: Great pain, loss in mobility at sprain site. Swelling, definite tears in ligament/tissues
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What are signs and symptoms of shock and how would you treat them
- Symptoms: Moist, pale, cool clammy skin; weak and rapid pulse; increased and shallow resp. rate; decreased blood pressure; in severe situations urinary retention and fecal incontinence
- Management: 1. dial 911
- 2. maintain body temp as close to normal as possible
- 3. Elevate the feet and legs 8 to 12 inches
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An approach to conditioning that attempts to bring about peak performance while reducing injuries and overtraining is defined as
Periodization
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Which of the following describes the time when conditioning is dedicated to unstructured recreational activities and physical restoration
Off-season
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Which stretching techniques is capable of producing the most dramatic increases in flexibility?
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
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If the intensity of an activity is such that sufficient oxygen can be supplied to meet the demands of working tissues the activity is:
Aerobic
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What kind of training technique involves alternating periods of relatively intense work and active recovery?
Iterval training
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Which kind of strengthening exercises are used commonly in the early phase of rehab?
Isometric excercises
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What test is used to determine an athlete's ability to perform a specific activity?
Functional tests
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What component of a rehab program is commonly neglected?
Cardiorespiratory fitness
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What occurs when an athlete feels an overwhelming feeling of hopelessness or loneliness?
Depression
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The coach should take all these steps if he/she recognizes overtraining in an athlete
- 1. Modify the the athlete's training sessions over a 3-5 day period
- 2. Gradually allow the athlete to return to practice once symptoms improve
- 3. Cease the athlete's participation in competitions for a short period of time
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What components make up the major elements of a rehab program?
1. providing correct immediate first aid and management following injury to limit or control swelling 2. reducing or minimizing pain 3. restoring full range of motion 4. reestablishing core stability 5. restoring or increasing muscular strength, endurance, and power 6. reestablishing neuromuscular control 7. improving balance 8. maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness 9. incorporating appropriate functional progressions
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What are some ways that the coach and athletic trainer can help prevent physiological setbacks in the rehab process
- The coach and athletic trainer can give the patient at home exercises to work on while not in the rehab center
- Encouraging movement everyday will also help keep up muscle strength and joint mobility
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What are 3 arches of the foot
- Medial longitudinal arch
- Transverse arch
- Metatarsal arch
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What is a condition in which nerves are entrappped between the metatarsal heads producing swelling with distal, radiating pain?
Morton's neuroma
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A bunion is usually associated with a bone growth on what part of the foot?
The first toe
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What is the condition when tissue fluid pressure has increased because of the confines of the fascia and/or bone resulting in compression of the muscles, nerves and blood vessels
Compartment syndrome
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What is the most common mechanism of injury to the ankle complex
PLantarflexion/inversion
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What is the most frequently injured aspect of the ankle?
Lateral
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What is the most commonly sprained ligament in the ankle?
Anterior talofibular
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What's the condition common to runners and cyclists characterized by pain and irritation over the lateral femoral condyle?
Iliotibial band syndrome
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Most injuries to the medial collateral ligament result from blows to what aspect of the knee?
Lateral
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Which of the following structures have the responsibility of cushioning the kene during impact activity?
Menisci
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An injury that results from a blow to an inadequately protected iliac crest producing transitory paralysis of the soft tissue structures is known as what?
Hip pointer
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What is a common site for an avulsion fracture of the pelvis?
Anterior inferior iliac spine
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A positive Thomas Test indicates tightness in which muscle group?
Hip flexors
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Identify how one should manage a second degree ankle sprain
Put no weight over the ankle, elevate and ice the ankle instead. Crutches should be used to speed recovery.
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Osgood-Schlatter Disease
- Cause: condition common to rapidly growing immature adolescents knee - a repeated pull of the patellar tendon at the tibial tubercle on the front of the tibia
- Characterized by ongoing pain at the attachment of the patellar tendon at the tibial tubercle, over time the bony callus forms and the tubercle enlarges.
- The condition resolves when the athlete reaches 18/19
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Discuss the importance of proper immediate care of a quad contusion
Early detection/avoidance of profuse internal bleeding is vital, both in effecting a fast recovery by the athlete and in the prevention of wide speard scarring of muscle tissue.
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