chapter 42

An amputation or excision of any part of the body or removal of a growth or harmful substance

Therapy designed to relieve or reduce intensity of uncomfotable symptoms without cure

an abnormal condition charecterized by the collapse of a lung

Ill health malnutrtion and wasting as a results of a chronic disease

Tissue breakdown

The seperation of a surgical incision or rupture of a wound closure

the removal of fluids from a body cavaity wound or other source of disharge by one or more methods

if a thrombus is dislodge it can travel to the lungs heart or brain where the vessel can be occluded

protrusion of an internal organ through a wound or surgical incsion especially in the abdominal wall( when insides are coming out

• substance that have slowly seeped from cells or blood vessels through small pores or break in cell membranes
• (e.g perspiration,pus serum )

A respiratory device used at the bedside at regular intervals to encourage the patient to breath deeply

Cuts produced surgically by a sharp instrument to create an opening into an organ or spae into the body

Without an adequate blood supply localized area of necrosis <--(premature death of cells and living tissues)

permission to obtain from the patient to perform a specific test or procedure

therapy designed to relieve or reduce intensity of uncomfortable symptoms without cure

(HICCUP) Is an involuntary contraction of the diaphragm followed by rapid closure of the glotts

Protection against infection before suring or after surgery by the use of the sterile technique

an accumulation of platelets fibrin clotting factors and cellular elements of the blood attached to the anterior wallof a vessle sometimes occluding the lumen of the vessel

constructive surgery-restores function lost or reduced as a results of congential anomalies

Ablation-excision/removal of diseased body part

Diagnostic- Surgical exploration that allows MD to confirm diagnosis may involve removal of tissue for further diagnostic testing

Palliative- releives or reduces intensity of disease symptoms will not produce cure

Constructive surgery- restores function lost or reduced as a results of congenial anomalies

Reconstructive- restores funstion lost or appearance to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue

reconstructive- restores function or appearance or traumatized or malfunctioning tissue/bone

reconstrutive-restores function os appearrance to traumatized or malfunctioning tissues/bones

Performed on basis of patients choice

must be done immediately to save life or preserve function of body part

necessary for patients health

nutrtional needs vary with patients age and physical requirement patinetns who maintain a sound nutrtional diets tends to recover more quickly.Surgery decreases a patients appetite and alter metabolic functions the nurse observes for malnutrition.

nursing froma multicultural perspective assists nurses to have a frame of reference in approaching patients with respect and individually tailor care that promotes recovery

an=without pain esthesia= awarness of feeling

IMMOBILE QUIET PT WHO DOES NOT RECALL THE SURGICAL PROCEDURE MAY BE GIVEN VIA IV OR INHALATION

BEGINS WHEN WHEN PATINET IS AWAKE AND ANASTHETIC AGENT BEGINS AND ENDS WHEN PT LOSES CONSCIOUSNESS

• BEGINS WITH LOSS OF CONSICIOUSNES AND ENDS WITH ONSET OF REGULAR BREATHING AND LOSS OF EYELID REFLEXES
• EXCITEMENT OF DELIRIUM PHASE INVOLUNTARY MOTOR ACTIVITY
• NOT TO RECEIVE STIMULUS INCREASE THE CATECHOLAMINE PRODUCTION INCLUDING HR AND BP

BEGINS WITH THE ONSET OF REGULAR BREATHING AND ENDS WITH THE CESSATION OF RESPIRATIOND. OPERATIVE OR SURGICAL STATE

BEGINS WITH CESSSATION OF RESPIRATORY AND MUST BE AVOIDED OR IT WILL NECESSITATE THE INITIATION OF CPR AND MAY LEAD TO DEATH

ADMINISTRATION OF AGENTS AND ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION

• SIDE EFFECTS OF ANESTHETIC AGENTS
• CARDIOVASCULAR DEPRESSION OR IRRATIBILITY
• RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION
• LIVER AND KIDNEY DAMAGE

• ANESTHETIC ARE DECREASED AND PTR IS AWAKEN EXTUBATION IS OFTEN ACCOMPLISHED BEFORE TRANSFER TO PACU
• POST ANASTHETIC CARE UNIT

• LOSS OF SENSATION IN AN AREA OF THE BODY NO LOSS OF CONSCIOUSENESS BUT USUALLY SEDATED. GIVEN INFILTRASTION AND LOCAL APPLICATION
• 1. NERVE BLOCK
• 2. SPINAL ANASTHESIA
• 3. EPIDERAL ANETHESIA
• 4. IV REGIONAL ANESTHESIA
• ADVANTAGE SHORT AND ONSET AND SHORT RECOVERY TIME

agent may move up in the spinal cord and breathing affected headache

used for procedure that do not require complete anesthesia but rather a depressed level of consciousness. retain patent and airway reflexes

loss os sensation at desired site. agent inhibits nerve conduction until the drug diffuses intocirculation loss of pain or sensation and touch in motor autonomic activites injected or applied topically uses on minor surgery procedure

• prepares operating room with necessary equipment and supplies and ensures that equipment is functionl. arranges sterile and non sterile supplies performs patient assesment
• checks medical record for completeness. assists in safe transfers of patient to operating room

• arranges sterile technique and instrument in manner prescribed for procedure. gowns and gloves surgeon as they enter the operating room.
• assist with surgical draping of patgient,
• hands surgeon instruments sponges and necessary supplies during procedure.
• maintain count of sponges needles and instrument so none will be misplaced or lost in wound

MAINTAIN POTENCY

EVALUATE DEPTH RATE SOUNDS RHYTHM AND CHEST MOVEMENT

ABLE TO TO EXTUBATE PT RESPONDS TO COMMANDS

MONITOR TEMP PULSE RESPIRATORY AND BP EVERY 10-15 MIN

• ASSESS NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTIONS MUSCLE STRENTH AND RESPONSE

AVERAGE 30 ML PER HOUR