Jewish Terms

The Jewish Sabbath, from Friday at sundown until Saturday at sundown

Ceremonial family blessing and meal Friday night to welcome the Sabbath

The special braided bread baked specially for the Sabbath meal

A family ceremony on Saturday night marking the end of Sabbath

The term which describes the Jewish "kosher" dietary laws

The term describing food as "fit" or "proper" in Judaism

The word means "torn" and describes un-kosher food

This word describes foods which are considered "neutral"

Covenant biblical circumcision for Jewish males

A ceremony where 13 year old Jewish boys become "son of the commandment"

A similar ceremony (in Reform Judaism) for girls who have turned 12 years old

The term means "walk" or "way" -- describes the body of Jewish law and practice

The most sacred prayer in Judaism - repetition in Hebrew of Deuteronomy 6:4-9

The Jewish "prayer shawl" with colored bands and fringes

A linen undershirt with fringes worn by some Orthodox men

The biblical Hebrew term for "fringe" -- the fringes worn on the Talit prayer shawl

Small leather prayer boxes bound to the head and arm during prayer

The word means "doorpost" -- a small container with a scripture passage inside

Jewish "skull cap" worn by males for prayer and sacred occasions

Hebrew term for the ram's horn blown on Rosh Ha-Shannah and holy occasions

Hebrew term for "lamp" with multiple arms

The Jewish New Year, beginning day of the month of Fall holidays

The biblical Day of Atonement, a solemn day of fasting in Judaism

Rosh Ha-Shannah, followed by Yom Kippur, ten days later

The weeklong Feast of Tabernacles (or Booths) each Fall

The "eighth" additional holiday right after the seven days of Sukkot

The "joyful day of Torah" at the end of the Sukkot week each Fall

The biblical Spring festival of Passover (Unleavened Bread)

The ritual feast (meal) of Passover, the term means "order"

The biblical Feast of Weeks, early Summer festival 50 days after Pessah

The "Ninth of Av" -- summer day of mourning destruction of the temple

The term means "dedication" -- refers to the Winter "Feast of Dedication"

This is the specific term for the nine-armed Hanukah menorah

A small, four sided top which children play with at Hanukah

The early Spring celebration involving the reading of the story of Esther

The term for mystical (even magical) Jewish traditions of the middle ages

The Jewish meeting house or house of worship (house of assembly)

"Law"

"Prophets"

"Writings"

Pharisees

Sadducees

wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls

written law delivered to Moses at Mount Sinai

Oral law delivered to Moses but not written

Rabbis' commentary on the meaning of the written Mishnah

Mishnah combined with Gemara

"sent one" ambassador

"manager" Bishop

taught that the Logos or Son of God should be differentiated from God the Father

First to use the term trinity

taught that the Father, Son, and Spirit are modes of the same single God, and that there is no essential difference between them

The Father and Son are two distinct persons (hypostases) - Son = premortal Logos creator with the Father, and Mediator ... sharply opposed modalism of Sabellius

Constantinople

Compromise language, which attempted to accommodate both views: those bishop who advocated "trinity," and those who advocated three individuals in the Godhead

same substance

similar substance

the term for the system of belief

term for the individual believer

the majority of Islam

the large minority of Islam

the small mystic minority

The central religious text of Islam

Islamic traditions and history (about Muhammad) not in the Quran

the term for the collective body of Islamic law required of society

witness, testimony

Muhammad birth

Abdullah

Amina

Abu Talib

quraysh

hashimi

Muhammad marries Khadija (40 years old, he only 25)

Muhammad receives first vision

Muhammad's year of trial:
Khadija died
Abu Talib died

Muhammad's Jerusalem vision

The Hijra (flight) date

Muhammad marries

religious capital of Islam

Muhammad's political capital

Muhammad dies

Shahada

Salat

Zakat

Sawm

Hajj

fasting season is the month of...

sixth pillar - holy struggle or holy war