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Define: RDA
- Nutrient intake goals for individuals.
- Avg daily nutrient intake that meets needs of nearly every healthy person in a particular life stage/gender.
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Define: Bio-availability
Degree to which nutrients are absorbed or become available at target tissues.
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Define: Whole foods
Unprocessed or unrefined, or very little processing/refinement before consumption.
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Define: Phytonutrients
- Not real nutrients
- Naturally active compounds found in plant foods (vegs, fruit, whole grains & legumes).
- Have beneficial effects working with other essential nutrients to promote good health
- Examples: carotenoids (lutien, flavanoids, coumarins, indoles etc)
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Define: Bioactive compounds
Naturally occuring chemical compounds contained in/derived from a plant, animal or marine source that exert the desired health/wellness effect.
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Define: Malnutrition
Any condition caused by excess or deficient food energy/nutrient intake or by an imbalance of nutrients.
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Define: Food
Any substance the body can take in & assimilate that enable it to survive & grow.
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Define: Nutrition
Study of nutrients in the body, sometime also the study of human behavior related to food
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Define: Diet
The food/beverages that a person usually eats/drinks.
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Define: Nutrients
- Components of food that are indispensible to the body's functioning.
- Energy, Building Material, Maintain/Repair, Support Growth
Examples: H2O, Carbs, Fats, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals
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Name the most nutrient-related diseases, followed by lesser-related.
(4)
- 1. Anemia (iron def), Vit+Min Def, Poor disease resistance
- 2. Diabetes, Hypertension, CV disease
- 3. Osteoporosis, Cancer, Infectious diseases
- 4. Down Syn, Hemophilia, Sickle-cell anemia
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What are the energy-yielding nutrients?
(3)
Carbs, Fat, Protein
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What are the regulatory nutrients?
(2)
Vitamins & Minerals
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Define: Calories
- Unit of heat required to raise 1 kg of H2O by 1 degree
- Measure of energy expenditure
- Carbs/Protein: 4 cal/gram
- Fat: 9 cal/gram
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Define: Intervention study
- Split group.
- Example: 1/2 organic, other half not. Measure urine contents.
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Define: Epidemiological study
Example: Okinawa vs Italy
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Define: Randomized control trials
Food vs placebo
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