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I. Revolutionary Outbursts in Belgium, Poland, and Italy
- a. Supporters of liberalism played role in July Revolution in France, but nationalism was crucial force in three other revolutionary outbursts in 1830
- i. To create stronger, larger state on France’s northern border, the Congress of Vienna added Austrian Netherlands to the Dutch Republic
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I. Revolutionary Outbursts in Belgium, Poland, and Italy
Merger
- 1. Merger of Catholic Belgium into Protestant Dutch Republic never sat well with Belgians
- a. In 1830, they rose up against Dutch and succeeded in convincing major European powers to accept their independence
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I. Revolutionary Outbursts in Belgium, Poland, and Italy
Leopold
- a. Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, a minor German prince, was designated to be the new king, and a Belgian national congress established a constitutional monarchy for the new state
- b. Revolutionary scenarios in Italy and Poland weren’t as successful
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I. Revolutionary Outbursts in Belgium, Poland, and Italy
Metternich
- i. Metternich sent Austrian troops to crush revolts in three Italian states
- ii. Poland had nationalist uprising in 1830 when revolutionaries tried to end Russian control of their country
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I. Revolutionary Outbursts in Belgium, Poland, and Italy
Polish insurgents
1. But Polish insurgents failed to get hoped-for support from France and Britain, and by September 1831, the Russians crushed the revolt and established an oppressive military dictatorship over Poland
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