DEP2000 Test 3

Dyslexia, ADHD, mental retardation

Children who show evidence of high performance in academic and artistic fields

Period in which parents and children jointly control children's behavior

Basic units of sound

Smallest language unit that has meaning

Fine: More myelin, using each hand independently, manipulate objects with capacity of adult

Gross: muscle coordination

Intelligence quotient, score that accounts for a student's mental and chronological age

Spearman; intelligence responsible for overall performances on mental ability tests

Minority groups accept negative stereotypes if they perceive that there is little possibility of change

• - between 7 to 12 years
• - active & appropriate use of logic
• - decentration, metamemory

• - between 2 to 7 years
• - start of symbolic thought, centration, egocentrism

• - mild retardation: IQ 50 - 70
• - moderate retardation: IQ 35 - 50
• - severe retardation: IQ 20 - 35
• - profound retardation: IQ below 20

Same sex friendships

• - code based: focus on basic skills
• - whole language: learn through reading and making guesses about words

Vygotsky; level at which child can almost perform a task independently but with assistance

Children work in groups to achieve common goal

Notions that transformations to an object can be reversed

Considering multiple aspects of a situation

• - encoding: recording information
• - storing: placed in memory
• - retrieval: material used

Intelligence that reflects information processing capabilities, reasoning, and memory

The accumulation of skills learned

Children integrated into regular education system and provided with alternatives

The setting that is most similar to that of children without special needs

Gifted students kept at grade level but with special programs

Gifted students that skip a grade

• - Erikson
• - 6 to 12
• - focus on efforts to attain competence in meeting challenges of modern world

Teenagers seek to determine what is unique about them

• 1. Preconventional: rewards & punishment
• 2. Conventional: being a good person
• 3. Ponstconventional: broad moral principles

• - social competence: reading emotions
• - social problem-solving: strategies to solve social conflicts

Role ambiguity, not knowing own role or role of stepparent/stepsibling

• - high self esteem in academics
• - low self esteem in relationships
• - girls lower than boys

• - identity achievement: commitment w/ exploration
• - identity foreclosure: commitment w/o exploration
• - identity diffusion: no exploration/commitment
• - moratorium: exploration w/o commitment

• - prove themselves
• - release of inhibitions and tension
• - reduction of stress
• - false consensus

Neither liked nor disliked

Uniformly disliked

Violent, ADHD, no parental involvement

Acting out for attention/exploration

Anorexia/bulimia due to societal pressure

• - reasons: depression, family conflict, drug abuse
• - attempts: 200 per 1 suicide, girls attempt more
• - successes: boys complete suicide more often due to violent methods

• - direct/indirect speech
• - school difficulties
• - writing a will
• - changes in eating/sleeping/behavior
• - depression

50% of seniors use weed & alcohol

• - boys: spemarche (first ejaculation)
• - girls: menarche (period)

• - boys: early maturation better
• - girls: no difference in rate of maturation

• - primary: changes vital to procreation
• - secondary: visible signs of maturity

2 to 12 people who hang out a lot

12+ people who share similar characteristics

Divide between children and parents in attitude, values, aspirations, and world views

Adolescent's belief that their behavior is the primary focus of other's attention

The view that an adolescent's experience is unique

A person's sexual interest

• - ratio of body fat increases
• - metabolism decreases
• - appearance changes
• - 20% overweight, 15% seriously overweight, 5% obese