-
Name 3 surface membrane barriers?
Skin, mucus, saliva
-
Name any 2 cellular defenses
phagocytes, NK cells, lysosomes
-
Phagocytes in the liver are called
Keffer cells
-
Phagocytes in the skin are called
langerhans
-
Phagocytes in connective tissue are called
histocytes
-
Phagocytes engulf antigen and become_______ and combine with lysosomes to form________.
phagosomes, phagolysosme
-
Phagocytes can be formed from
neutrophils
-
Neutrophils produce a chemical by the name
defensins
-
Generation of free radicals is by
respiratory burst
-
Difference between neutrofhils and phagocytes
Neutrophils destory and phagocytes survive
-
Coating of antigens with chemicals by phagocytes is called
opsonization
-
Null cells are also called ______ and______
NK cells or 3rd population cells
-
5 cardinal signs of inflammation
heat, pain, swelling, redness, impair
-
Primary role of inflammatory chemicals is to
dilate small vessels
-
Name 4 inflammatory chemicals
histamine, kinin, PG's, complement, lymphokine
-
Lining of phagocytes near the wall of the blood vessel is called
margination
-
Movement of phagocytes from the vessel to the inflammatory area is
diapedesis
-
Pus is
neutrophiles, tiessue, pathogens
-
If inflammation fails______ is formed.
Abcess
-
Name 2 antimicrobial proteins
complement, interferon
-
Factors B,D,and P are
complements
-
Interferon role in immunity is to
stop viral replication
-
Lymphocytes produce____interferon where as leukocytes produce_______
gamma, alpha
-
Fever is caused by the chemical_______secreted by______
Pyrogen, macrophages
-
B and T lymphocytes mature in ______ and _______ respectively.
thymus, bursa
-
Self tolerance is due to the presence of _______, a base for lymphocyte education.
self antigens
-
Incomplete antigens are called_______
Haptens
-
Incomplete antigens can combine with body proteins to produce_____
valence
-
Active antigenic determinants on anitgen is indicated by the word_________
Valence
-
PVC is used in hip replacement because of its
O'valence
-
Pulling all antigenic sites on to the receptors of B cells is called________
capping
-
Memory cells are the descendants of_____born the process of_______
B-Lymphocytes, clonal selection
-
Weak antigens are also called as________ antigens
attenuated
-
Antibodies are also called as________and these are______-proteins
immunoglobins, soluble
-
An anitbody has ____chains
four
-
IgD and IgM are found on
b-cell receptors
-
The type of anitbody that is first released due to immune response is
IgM
-
Most abudent anitbody in the body is
IgG
-
IgA is primarily in_____secretions
mucus
-
Trounble maker anitbody is
IgE
-
The antobodies which fixes the complement are _____ and ______
Igm and IgG
-
Antobody diversity is not due to genes but due to _____ recombination
Somatic
-
Agglutination is due to
IgM
-
Precipitation process is due to
insoluble proteins
-
B lymphocytes are fused to tumor cells to form
hybridoma
-
High purity and high specificity is shown by ______ antibodies
monoclonal
-
Name the 3 types of T cells involved in immune response
cytotoxic, helper, suppressor
-
CD4 cells are
primary cells
-
CD8 cells are _____ & ______
cytotoxic and suppressor
-
Activated T cells release soluble glycoproteins called _____ or ______
cytokines or lymphokines
-
Macrophages release ______ which stimulate T cells
monokines
-
T cell proliferation is aided by
I12
-
______ are called the Directors of the immune system
helper t-cells
-
Cytotoxic T cells directly attack antigens by a process called
lethal hit
-
The toxin that is released by cytotoxic T cells into the target cell is
perforin
-
Non sensitized T cells become activated to cytotxic T cells is
Interferon
-
Uncontrolled autoimmune response is prevented by the action of
suppressor T-cell
-
Transplant of tissue on the same person from different sites is called
autografts
-
Transplant of tissue from one person to the other is
allograft
-
Transplant of organs between twins is
isograft
-
Interspecies transplants of tissue or organs comes under the category of _____ grafts
xeno
-
Intraspecies transplants are called
allografts
-
One of the widely and commonly used immunosuppressive drug is
Cyclosporine
-
Thymic aplasia is due to
undeveloped thymus
-
Hodgkins disease is due to
lymph cancer
-
Deficit of both B and T cells causes
SCID
-
Fetal tissue transplant to the adult of same species is an example for
allografts
-
An antigen eliciting a normal immune response is called
allergen
-
Anaphylaxis is caused by
IgE and allergen crosslink
-
Anaphylactic shock symptoms can be reversed by
epinephrines
-
Anaphylaxis an be cured by this class of drugs
antihistamines
-
Farmers lung and mushroom growers lung are examples of
Type III
-
Mismatched transfussions is an example of
Type II
-
Spontaneous allergy to enviromental antigens is called
atopy
-
Allergic contact dermatitis is an example of
Type II
-
Autoimmune thrombocytes is a disorder caused by
destruction of platelets
-
Opiate neuropeptides can act both as _____ and _____
neural and immuno stimulant
-
Pruple lesions of the skin in Aids patients is called
Kaposis sarcoma
-
Normal CD4 cell count is in the range of
600-1200
|
|
