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What rhythm do you use Adenosine (Adenocard) for?
SVT: Supraventricular Tachycardia
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Contraindications for Adenosine
- 2nd and 3rd degree AV heart blocks
- Sick sinus syndrome (without pacemaker)
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Side effects of Adenosine
- SOB/dyspnea, may cause bronchospasm in asthma pt (BHO)
- Chest Pressure/palpitations
- Mild Hypotension
- Dizzy/lightheadedness/headache
- Nausea
- Transient Arrythmias
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What class is Albuterol
- Bronchodilator, Beta 2 specific
- (Sympathomimetic)
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Other names for Amiodarone Hydrochloride
Cordarone, Pacerone, Nexterone
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Indications for Amiodarone Hydrochloride
- Stable V- Tach
- Post conversion VT/VF with pulse > or = 60
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Contraindications for Amiodarone Hydrochloride
- Bradycardia/AV Blocks
- Hypotension
- Hypersensitivity Iodine (not include seafood)
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What class is aspirin
Platelet aggregation inhibitor
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what classification of drug is Atropine Sulfate
- Antiarrythmic
- Anticholinergic
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What does Atropine Sulfate do
- increases electrical production and elevates HR
- positive chronotropic properties with little or no inotropic effects
- competes with acetylcholine for receptor sites blocking PNS response at SA+AV nodes
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What are the indications for Atropine Sulfate
- ADULT: Unstable bradycardia (narrow complex)
- PEDS: unstable bradycardia after BVM for 30 sec and 3rd dose of epi
- Poisoning, symptomatic organophosphate poisoning
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What are the contraindications of Atropine Sulfate
There are none
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What are the side effects of Atropine Sulfate
- Tachycardia/palpitations
- Dry mouth/nausea/vomiting
- Pupil dilation/blurred vision
- Flushed/dry/hot skin
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What is another name for Atrovent
Ipratropium Bromide
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What does Atrovent do
- Antagonize the action of acetylcholine, preventing bronchodilation
- Dries respiratory tract secretions
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What are indications for Atrovent
- Respiratory Distress (?asthma/COPD/respiratory origin)
- Allergic reaction/Anaphylaxis
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Side effects of Atrovent
- Nausea
- GI distress
- Nervous/dizzyness
- Headache
- Palpitations
- Blurred vision
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What is acetylcholine
A neurotransmitter in the ANS, autonomic nervous system
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What effect does acetylcholine have on cardiac muscle
An inhibitory effect that slows heart rate
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How does acetylcholine affect the PNS
it activates the skeletal muscle by transmittting info to the ANS
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What class is Calcium Chloride (10%CaCl2)?
An electrolyte
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What does Calcium Chloride do
- increases myocardial contractility
- enhances ventricular automaticity
- reverses cardio-electric changes produced by hyperkalemia
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What are the indications for Calcium Chloride
- Hemodialysis pt:symptomatic ?hyperkalemia if >72 hrs since last dialysis
- Trauma:crush injury of extremity or torso with extended entrapment>2hrs prior to extremity being released
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What is the indication for using Charcoal
Poisoning ingestion within 60 minutes and recc. by Poison center
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What class is Dextrose 50% (D50W, 50% Glucose)
Carbohydrate
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What is another name for Benadryl
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride
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What class is Benadryl
Antihistamine
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What does benadryl do
- Binds to histamine receptor sites, blocking H1 and H2 receptors
- Does not prevent histamine release
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What are H1 and H2 receptors and what do they do
- They are histamine receptor sites
- H1 causes bronchoconstriction, airway swelling and vasodilation
- H2 causes secretion of gastric acid
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What are the indications for Benadryl
- Allergic reaction/anaphylaxis
- Poisoning/OD, extrapyramidal reactions
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Side effects of Benadryl
- Drowsiness
- Dry mouth
- Hypotension
- Palpitations/tachycardia
- Seizures
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What's another name for Dopamine Hydrochloride
Intropin
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What class is Dopamine Hydrochloride (Intropin)
Vasopressor: Sympathomimetic (alpha and beta properties)
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What are the indications for Dopamine Hydrochloride
- Discomfort/Pain ?Cardiac origin
- Shock
- Anaphylaxis
- Bradycardia
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What does Dopamine Hydrochloride do
- At low and medium doses, vasodilator to brain kidneys heart and gi tract
- At medium to high doses, increases cardiac output by improving contractility and Stroke volume, increasing BP
- At high doses, vasoconstrictor and increased HR
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Side Effects of Dopamine Hydrochloride
- high rate:HTN and extreme vasoconstriction
- low rate:Hypotension
- Tachyarrythmias/palpitations
- Increased myocardial O2 demands
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What is another name for Midazolam
Versed
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What class is Midazolam
Benzodiazepine: Sedative/Anticonvulsant
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What does Midazolam do
- CNS depressant
- Produces anterograde amnesia then sedation
- Stops and prevents seizures
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What are the indications for Midazolam
- Seizures:generalized lasting more than 5 min, focal seizures with resp. compromise, recurrent seizures without lucid interval, exlamptic seizure of any duration
- Dysrhythmia: Unstable bradycardia, Unstable conscious VT:precardioversion, Conscious SVT, Unstable conscious Afib, Aflutter
- Overdose
- Psych with severe agitation
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Contraindications for Versed
None
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Side effects of Midazolam
- Laryngospasm, respiratory depression/apnea
- Drowsiness/confusion/amnesia
- Hypotension
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Whats another name for Naloxone Hydrochloride
Narcan
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What class is Narcan
Opioid antagonist
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What does Narcan do
reverses respiratory depression, sedation and hypotensive effects of opioid overdose by occupying opiate receptor sites
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Side effects of narcan
- Acute withdrawl symptoms
- Nausea/vomiting
- Tachycardia/hypertension
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What are pulmonary hypertension drugs
Sildenafil, Revatio, Flolan, Veletri
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What is another name for Ondansetron
Zofran
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What does zofran do
Block serotonin receptors in vagus nerve terminals and in small intenstine that trigger the vomiting reflex
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What is another name for Lidocaine
2% Xylocaine
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What does Lidocaine do
- Depresses depolarization and automaticity in the ventricles
- Increases the Vfib threshold by increasing phase IV repolarization
- Amide-type local anesthetic
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What are the indications for Lidocaine
- Stable Vtach
- Post-conversion VF/VT with pulse >60Als skills p104, Conscious patient with IO line
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Contraindications for Lidocaine?
- 2nd and 3rd degree heart blocks
- Ventricular escape rhythms
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What are common Blood thinners
Coumadin(Warfarin), Lovenox, Heparin, Iprivask, Plavix, Ticlid, Jantoven, Fragmin, Arixtra, Acova
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What are common narcotic analgesics
Codeine, Demerol, Dilaudid, Morphine, Percodan, Percocet, Norco, Zydone, Tylenol, Oxycodone, Oxycontin, Tramadol, Vicodin, Hydrocodone
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