Genetics exam 2

• High Tryptophan:
• regions 1+2(Attenuation) and 3+4 pair and terminate transcription
• Low Tryptophan:
• 2+3 pair and transcription continues
• UUUUUUU necessary to terminate transcription

I= codes for regulator protein, stops transcription w/olactose. trans

P=promotor site where RNA pol binds. cis

O=operator region where regulator protein binds. cis

Z= betagalactisidase breaks down lactose

Y= permease, pore for lactose

certain chemicals are mutagenic

binds to and inhibits translation of mRNA. 3' imperfect match

methylize complementary RNA and DNA

region of DNA which can be moved

• Amino acid binds to 3' region
• 2D cloverleaf
• post transcription modification

10bp per turn of the helix: relaxed

• <1:10 negative supercoil
• >1:10 positive supercoil

alkylating agent

by base substitution

alkylating agent

base substitution

intercalating agent 

insertion or deletion

ionizing irradiation

Double strand breaking

Sex lethal expression by alternative splicing

bound to by e. coli sigma factor

TF IID

E. coli dnaA

Rho factor

Initiator tRNA

• -10 Pribnow box
• Shine Delgano sequence before gene sequence
• Rho independent terminator
• poly uuuuu tail

• -25 TATA box
• intron, exon
• 5' methly G cap
• poly AAAA tail
• AAUAAA after stop codon

recognizes yeast automatic replicating sequence

both form laraits

Stabilizes RNA poly on lac promotor

• inhibits expression of lac without cAMP
• with cAMP can stabilize RNA poly and express lac

• lambda repressor
• host is well lots of cro, lytic cycle

host is not well,no cro lots of CI lysogenic cycle

UV radiation. lytic cycle

burst

reproduced in genome