Chapter 5

Cup-shaped depression in the hip bone into which the top of the femur fits.

Part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle.

Cartilaginous joint having some movement at the union of two bones

hinged area between the lower leg bones and the bones of the feet.

Cartilage at a joint

Point at which two bones join together to allow movement.

First cervical vertebra.

Second cervical vertera.

Hard connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body.

Upper, rounded end of a bone.

Bone cell that ingests dead bone and bone debris.

Sac lined with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons and joints.

Heel bone

Spongy bone with a latticelike structure.

Striated involuntary muscle of the heart.

Wrist

Flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and the lining of various parts of the body.

Thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.

Seven vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck.

Curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collar bone.

Small bone consisting of four fused vertebrae at the end of the spinal column; tailbone

Hard bone with a tightly woven structure.

Rounded surface at the end of a bone.

Bony ridge.

Long middle section of a long bone; shaft.

Freely movable joints.

Also cartilaginous disk

Also thoracic vertebrae.

Joint between the upper arm and the forearm.

Lining of the medullary cavity.

Cartilaginous tissue that is replaced during growth years, but eventually calcifies and disappears when growth stops.

Irregular bone of the face attached to the sphenoid bone.

Sinuses on both sides of the nasal cavities between each eye and the sphenoid sinus.

Sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses muscles.

Long bone of the thigh.

Smaller long bone of the lower leg.

Deep furrow or slit.

Thin, flattened bones that cover certain areas, as of the skull.

Soft, membranous section on top of an infant's skull.

Opening or perforation through a bone.

Depression, as in a bone.

Large bone of the skull that forms the top of the head and forehead.

Sinuses above the eyes.

Long bone of the arm connecting to the scapula on top and the radius and ulna at the bottom.

Wide portion of the hip bone.

Point at which a muscle attaches to a movable bone.

Also cartilaginous disk. or disk

Muscle not movable at will.

Any group of bones with a special shape to fit into certain areas of the skeleton, such as the skull.

One of three fused bones that form the pelvic girdle.

Place of joining between two or more bones.

Thin, flat bone of the face.

Thin, flat part of either side of the arch of the vertebra.

Sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone.

Any bones of the extremities with a shaft.

Five vertebrae of the lower back.

Rouded protrusion of the tibia or fibula on either side of the ankle.

U-shaped bone of the lower jaw.

Also mandible.

Connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients.

Protrusion of the temporal bone that sits behind the ear.

Bone of the upper jaw.

Sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes.

Soft center cavity in bone that often holds marrow.

One of the five bones of the hand between the wrist and the fingers.

Section of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis.

Bones of the foot between the instep (arch) and the toes.

Contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement.

System of the body including the muscles and skeleton.

Bones that form the bridge of the nose.

Space through which the spinal cord passes.

Fibrous mass in the center portion of the intervertebral disk.

Bone that forms the lower back portion of the skull.

Curved end of the unla to which tendons of the arm muscles attach; bony prominence of the elbow.

Point at which muscles attach to stationary bone.

Connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited.

Hardening into bone.

Cell that forms bone.

Large cell that reabsorbs and removes osseous tissue.

Bone cell.

Bone that helps form the hard palate and nasal cavity; located behind the maxillary bones.

Flat, curved bone on either side of the upper part of the skull.

Large, sesamoid bone that forms the kneecap.

Cup-shaped cavity formed by the large bones of the pelvic girdle; contains female reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, bladder, and rectum.

Hip bones.

Cup-shaped ring of bone and ligaments at the base of the trunk.

Fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone.

Long bones of the finger and toes.

Bony outgrowth or projection.

Anteroinferior portion of the hip bone.

Joint between the two pubic bones.

Shorter bone of the forearm.

One of twenty-four bones that form the chest wall.

Next-to-last spinal vertebra made up of five fused bones; vertebra that forms part of the pelvis.

Large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade.

Bony depression in the sphinoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.

Bone formed in a tendon over a joint.

Anterior ridge of the tibia.

Square-shaped bones with approximately equal dimensions on all sides.

Hollow cavity, especially either of two cavaties on the sides of the nose.

Bony framework of the body.

Fibrous muscle of internal organs that acts involuntarily.

Bone that forms the base of the skull.

Sinus above and behind the nose.

Column of vertebrae at the posterior of the body, from the neck to the coccyx.

Protrusion from the center of the vertebral arch.

Bone with an open latticework filled with connective tissue or marrow.

Long, flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax.

Muscle with a ribbed appearance that is controlled at will.

Peg-shaped protrusion from a bone.

Groove or furrow in the surface of bone.

Joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane.

Type of cartilaginous joint uniting two bones.

Fibrous joint with no movement.

Fluid that serves to lubricate joints.

A joint that moves.

Connective tissue lining the cavity of joints and producing the synovial fluid.

Seven bones of the instep (arch of the foot)

Large bone forming the base and sides of the scull.

Joint of the lower jaw between the temporal bone and the mandible.

Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone or other structures.

Twelve vertebrae of the chest area.

Part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; chest.

Larger of the two lower leg bones.

Protrusion on either side of the vertebral arch.

Bony protrusion at the upper end of the femur.

Seven upper ribs on each side of the chest that attach to the sternum.

Slight bony elevation to which a ligament or muscle may be attached.

Large elevation in the surface of a bone.

Larger bone of the forearm.

One of the bony segments of the spinal column.

Main portion of the vertebra, seperate from the arches of the vertebra.

Spinal column

Smooth muscle

Striated muscle

Flat bone forming the nasal septum.

Bone that forms the cheek.

acetabul(o)

acromi(o)

ankyl(o)

arthr(o)

brachi(o)

burs(o)

calcane(o)

calci(o)

carp(o)

cephal(o)

cervic(o)

chondr(o)

condyl(o)

cost(o)

crani(o)

dactyl(o)

fasci(o)

femor(o)

fibr(o)

humer(o)

ili(o)

ischi(o)

kyph(o)

lamin(o)

leiomy(o)

lumb(o)

maxill(o)

metacarp(o)

my(o)

myel(o)

oste(o)

patell(o)

ped(i), ped(o)

pelv(i)

phalang(o)

pod(o)

pub(o)

rachi(o)

radi(o)

rhabd(o)

rhabdomy(o)

scapul(o)

scoli(o)

spondyl(o)

stern(o)

synov(o)

tars(o)

ten(o), tend(o), tendin(o)

throac(o)

tibi(o)

uln(o)

vertebr(o)

Radiography of a joint.

Examination with an instrument that explores the interior of a joint.

Radiographic or nuclear medicine image of a bone.

Health care professional who works to align the spinal column so as to treat certain ailments.

Device that measures bone density using light and x-rays.

Radiographic image of an intervertebral disk by injection of a contrast medium into the center of the disk.

A graphic image of muscular action using electrical currents.

Instrument that measures angles or range of motion in a joint.

Radiographic imaging of the spinal cord.

Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

Physician who combines manipulative treatment with conventional therapeutic measures.

Medical specialist who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the foot.

Test used to detect rheumatoid arthritis.

Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the joints and musculoskeletal system.

Test for calcium in the blood.

Enzyme active in muscle contraction; usually phosphokinase is elevated after a myocardial infarction and in the presence of other degenerative muscle diseases.

Test for phosphorus in the blood.

"Pins and needles" sensation felt when an injured nerve site is tapped.

Test for acid content in urine; elevated levels may indicate gout.

Stiffening of a joint, especially as a result of disease.

Severe joint pain.

Any of various conditions involving joint inflammation.

Wasting away of tissue, organs, and cells, usually as a result of disease or loss of blood supply.

An inflamed bursa at the foot joint, between the big toe and the first metatarsal bone.

Inflammation of a bursa.

Spur.

Pain and paresthesia in the hand due to repetitive motion injury of the median nerve.

Softening of cartilage.

Fracture with no open skin wound.

Fracture of the lower end of the radius.

Fracture with shattered bones.

Fracture with part of the bone displaced.

Fracture involving extensive soft tissue injury.

Fracture with an open skin wound; open fracture.

Fracture of one or more vertebrae caused by compressing of the space between the vertebrae.

Extreme resistance to the stretching of a muscle.

Arthritis with erosion of the cartilage.

Movement of a joint out of its normal position as a result of an injury or sudden, strenuous movement.

Abnormal tone in tissues.

Inflammation of the epiphysis.

A break, especially in a bone.

Inflammation of the joints; usually caused by uric acid crystals.

Fracture with twisting or bending of the bone but no breaking; usually occurs in children.

Fracture with no bone separation or fragmentation.

Protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the neural canal.

Abnormal increase as in muscle size.

Abnormally reduced muschle tension.

Fracture in which a fragment from one part of the fracture is driven into the tissue of another part.

Fracture that does not go entirely through the bone.

Abnormal posterior spine curvature.

Benign tumor of smooth muscle.

Malignant tumor of smooth muscle.

Abnormal anterior spine curvature resulting in a sway back.

Progressive degenerative disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system and, later, other organs.

Muscle pain.

Bone marrow tumor.

Benign muscle tumor.

Inflammation of a muscle.

Fracture with an open skin wound; compound fracture.

Bone pain.

Arthritis with loss of cartilage.

Benign bone tumor, usually on the skull or mandible.

Inflammation of the bone marrow and surrounding bone.

Degenerative thinning of bone.

Malignant tumor of bone.

Fracture occurring at the site of already damaged bone.

Pain felt in a paralyzed or amputated limb.

Movement therapy to restore use of damaged areas of the body.

Pain in the big toe, often associated with gout.

Benign tomor in striated muscle.

Malignant tumor in striated muscle.

Autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue.

Disease of the skeletal system, usually caused by vitamin D deficiency.

Stiffness.

Stiffening

Pain in the lower back, usually radiating down the leg, from a herniated disk or other injury or condition.

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spinal column.

Fracture with no open skin wound.

Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction.

Tending to have spasms.

Congenital defect with deformity of the spinal column.

Abnormal curvature of the spine.

Injury to a ligament.

Bony projection growing out of a bone; calcar.

Injury to a muscle as a result of improper use or overuse.

Partial dislocation, as between joint surfaces.

Inflammation of a tendon.

Cutting off of a limb or part of a limb.

Removal of fluid from a joint with use of a puncture needle.

Surgical fusion of a joint to stiffen it.

Surgical replacement or repair of a joint.

Transplantation of bone from one site to another.

Removal of a bunion.

Removal of a bursa.

Forming of a cast in a mold; placing of fiberglass or plaster over a body part to prevent its movement.

Surgical repair of muscle tissue.

External appliance used to immobilize or assist the movement of the spine or limbs.

Breaking of a bone in order to repair or reposition it.

Surgical replacement or repair of bone.

Cutting of bone.

Artificial device used as a substitute for a missing or diseased body part.

Return of a part to its normal position.

Applying a splint to immobilize a body part.

Fusion of two or more spinal vertebrae.

Removal of part or all of a joint's synovial membrane.

Surgical cutting of a tendon.

Dragging or pulling or straightening of something, as a limb, by attachment of elastic or other devices.