upper limb test .txt

*3. What limits movements of the wrist? A&M pg 485 Table 6.16

4. Where is the weakest part of the clavicle? A&M pg 405 Blue
Box

What is the most commonfracture of the forearm? A&M pg 408 Blue
Box

6. If a fall occurs and the palm of the hand is in an abducted position which bone is commonly
fractured? A&M pg409 Blue Box, 485 Blue Box

7. Whichbones of the upper limb are palpable? A&M
410-411

8. What is subluxation of ajoint? What type of movement is limited? A&M 484
Blue Box

10. What muscles form the rotator cuff (SITS)? A&M pg 422-423 (see question 9)

11. If there were a rotator cuff tear of a tendon where would a surgical incision be made? A&M pg 423 Blue Box, 477 Blue Box

Rotator cuff repairs are done in may fashions. The most common surgical incision is
at an ______1____ angle at the _____2___ (lateral) to avoid damaging the
__3____ muscle, then deep to the subacromial bursa the tendon of the
______4______ then is attached to the superior facet of the _______ _______of the humerus.

13. Flexor muscles of the forearm originate from what bony marking? A&M pg 442-451 (See question 12)
Common Flexor Tendon on the ______ _________ of the Humerus

Extensor muscles of the forearm originate from what bony marking?
A&M pg 442-451 (See question 12) Common Extensor Tendon on the
_______ __________ of the Humerus

16. What muscle aids in protecting the subclavian vessels and the superior trunk of the brachial plexus if the clavicle fractures? Not a major muscle. A&M pg 418-419

17. The thumb movement(s) is the most complex. Be able to
identify each of these movements. A&M pg 462

18. Which muscles are identified as the: a. Posterior axioappendicular (superficial) A&M pg 418-420

18. Which muscles are identified as the: b.(deep) Posterior axioappendicular A&M pg 418-420

18. Which muscles are identified as the Scapulohumeral?

20. Where in the upper limb can a pulse be taken? Identify the vessel and the location. A&M pg 439 Blue Box

2 arterys

21. Of the blood vessels branching from the aortic arch what is the blood supply to the right and the left upper limb? How do they differ? A&M pg 23, 84 Aortic Arch: __________ truck will give rise to the _________ Common Carotid Artery as well as the _______ Subclavian; the Aortic Arch then gives rise to the _______ Common Carotid Artery and _______ Subclavian Artery

22. The deep veins run in pairs and are called what? A&M pg 27

23. Be able to identify and trace the superficial blood drainage of the upper limb back to the heart. A&M pg 97, 416-417, 456See Figure 6.9 page 417 (keep it simple)

24. ________ artery in the arm is compressed while a stethoscope is placed over the

________ _______when taking a blood pressure? A&M pg 439 Blue Box

25. Where would you place a tourniquet to obtain a bloodless surgical field to treat an extensive hand injury? Remember collateral circulation! A&M pg 426-428, 464 Figure 6.28, 465 Table 6.12, 462-465

26. In a fracture of the hand which of the carpal bones or part of a carpal bone has a poor blood
supply and may not heal but becomes necrotic and dies? A&M pg 409
Blue Box, 485 Blue Box (see question 6)

28. _____________: unilateral area of skin innervated by the general sensory fibers of a single spinal nerve
Significant due to?

29. What would be the problem with the upper limb if the following nerves were damaged? Take each nerve independently. Give motor only.(see question 27) A&M pg 434-435 blue box, 441, 441 Blue Box, 467-468 Blue Box

radial?

29. What would be the problem with the upper limb if the following
nerves were damaged? Take each nerve independently. Give motor
only.(see question 27) A&M pg 434-435 blue box, 441, 441 Blue Box,
467-468 Blue Box

ulnar

29. What would be the problem with the upper limb if the following
nerves were damaged? Take each nerve independently. Give motor
only.(see question 27) A&M pg 434-435 blue box, 441, 441 Blue Box,
467-468 Blue Box

Musculocutaneous

29.

_____1____ Nerve Atrophy of the ___2______ occurs when the __3______ nerve
(C5 and C6) is severely damaged (e.g., as might occur when the surgical
neck of the humerus is fractured). As the __4____ atrophies, the
rounded contour of the shoulder disappears. This gives the shoulder a
flattened appearance and produces a slight hollow inferior to the
acromion. A loss of sensation may occur over the lateral side of the
proximal part of the arm, the area supplied by the _______ _______ 5 __________ nerve of the arm. To test the _6_______ (or the function of the __7_____ nerve) the arm is abducted, against resistance, starting from
approximately 15°

__________ 2 points of fixation of nerve are at its origin from upper trunk & at ________ ______, where it is susceptible to traction injury;
- it is fixed at its origin from C-5 or upper trunk of brachial plexus and at its termination in _____________;

29.- compression at the 1 (______ _____ notch): - may be compressed by either
the 2 ___________ ligament or a cyst (arising from the shoulder joint)
which results in paralysis of 3 ___________ and 4_____________;
-

Suprascapular compression at the notch: - may be compressed by either the Suprascapular ligament or a cyst (arising from the shoulder joint) which results in paralysis of __________ and __________; - following blunt trauma, the ligament may calcify (causing compression; compression at the level of the ____________ notch.

compression at the level of the supraspinatus notch would be expected to affect both the _______________ and __________

terminal branch Musculocutaneous: muscles of anterior compartment of _____, _____ lateral aspect.

_________ NERVE Muscles of anterior forearm compartment (except for FCU and
Ulnar half of FDP), palmer skin and 5 intrinsic muscles of the thenar ½
of palm.

________ FCU and the ______ ½ of the FDP, most intrinsic musclesof the hand, skin of hand (medial to axial line of digit 4).

__________ ARTERY : Glenohumeral joint, teres minor, deltoid, skin of
superolateral arm(over inferior part of deltoid).

_________ NERVE: All muscles of posterior compartments of arm and forearm, skin of posterior and infro lateralarm/posterior forarm/dorsum of hand (lateral to axial line of digit 4).

30. Where would you apply pressure to the upper limb to disable each of the five branches of the brachial plexus? A&M pg 429-435, 430-431 Table 6.5, 441, Lab Manual (see questions 29 and 27)

Other possible approaches: interscalene, supraclavicular

31. ___________ is the loss of cutaneous sensation

___________ loss of muscular movement
1.)________: non movement detected
2.) __________: not all musclesare paralyzed, person can move, but movements are weak

32. The median nerve is _________(position) to the axillary artery

33. The carpal tunnel becomes inflamed due to _________ or over use.

33. The ___________ nerve is the most sensitive structure in the carpal tunnel.

when someone suffers from Carpal Tunnel sufferers are unable to ________ thumb.

34. characteristic clinical sign of radial nerve injury is ______ ________

35. Know how lymph channels (also called: Lymphatic vessles or Lymphatics) travel in the upper limb by way of the _________ (________ _________)

36. Know what palmer aponeurosis, ligaments, tendons and soft tissue are for in the upper limb to Support: keeps ________ in place

9.the anatomical and/or clinical significance of the Intertubercular groove _____________ muscle pass through it

e Deltoid tuberosity is the Attachment for _________, relationship to radial groove for _________ nerve to pass

the anatomical and/or clinical significance of the _________ ____________ of _________
:Bony apposition, larger: can be palpated: radial artery winds around __________ aspect, cephalic vein relationship, radial artery

the anatomical and/or clinical significance of the the ________ nerve is superficial (medial) to the olecranon process

the anatomical and/or clinical significance of the the ulnar nerve is superficial (medial) to the _________ ___________

The _________ tendon tears most often causing degenerative tendonitis of the _________ __________.

_______ muscle group are in anterior forarm

Extensor muscles of the forarm are located on the _____________ side

_________ & ________ muscles of the forearm are in the anterior compartment and are served mainly by the ________ nerve the one and and expectaions are innervated by the ulnar nerve.

flexor muscles of the forearm are arranged in three layers: (anterior)
a _____________ layer or (group of 4 muscles): pronator teres, f. carpi rad., palmaris longus, and f. carpi ulnaris. They are all attached promiximally by the _________ _________ tendon to the medial epicondyle of the humerus, the _______ _______ origin.

flexor muscles of the forearm are arranged in three layers
the intermediate layer or group, consists of one muscle, the __________ __________ _________

flexor muscles a of the forearm are arranged in three layers:
_________ layer or group of 3 muscles, flexor digitrum profundus, flexor pollis longus, and pronator quadratus

what layers or group of flexor muscles of the forearm cross the elbow joint

A. superficial
B. deep
C. intermediate
D. b and c
E. a & b
F. a and c

functionally the ______________ is a flexor of the forearm, but it is located in the posterior (posterolateral) or extensor compartment and is thus supplied by the RADIAL nerve.

therefore it is a major expection to the generalization that the RADIAL NERVE supplies only __________ muscles and that all flexors lie in the anterior compartment.

long flexors of the digits, flexor dig. superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus flex the forearm and the metacarpophalangeal and ______ joints. the fdp flexes fingers in ____ action

Muscles that are in the _________ (________- supinator) Compartment of the Forearm can be put in to three groups
1. muscles that extend and _________ or _______ the hand at the wrist joint, ext. carpi radialis longus, ext carpi radialis brevis, and ext carpi ulnaris

Muscles that are in the ___________ ( extensor-__________ ) Compartment of the Forearm can be put in to three groups
2.muscles that extend the ________ 4 digits, extensor (digitorum, indicis, and dgiti minimi)

Muscles that are in the posterior (extensor- supinator) Compartment of the _________ can be put in to three groups

3.muscles that _________ and _________ the thumb, (extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and extensor pollicis longis.)

intrensic muscles of the hand are located in 5 compartments.
1. thenar-adductor brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, and ___________ pollicis

___________ muscles of the hand are located in 5 compartments. thenar, hypothenar, adductor, central, and the interosseous compartments.

intrensic muscles of the hand are located in 5 compartments.
________-abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, and ___________ pollicis

intrensic muscles of the hand are located in 5 compartments.
__________-abductor digiti minimi, ________ digiti minimi brevis, and opponens digiti minimi

intrensic muscles of the hand are located in 5 compartments.

______________ compartment is where the adductor pollicis is located

intrensic muscles of the hand are located in 5 compartments.
_______ comparment has the short muscles of the hand, the lumbricals, with the long flexor tendons

intrensic muscles of the hand are located in 5 compartments.
_______ comparment has the __________ muscle inbetween the metacarples

thenar muscles form the thenar eminence on the lateral surface of palm and are chiefly responible for _________ of the ________

high degree of freedom of movements of the them result from the 1st meticarpl being independent, with mobile joints at both ends, what are the 5 movements

1.
2.
3.
4.
5

the two muscles that abduct the thumb is (thenar)
ABDUCTION ________ _________
ABDUCTION _________ __________

the two muscles that adduct the thumb is (thenar)
ADDUCTION ________
1st _________ __________

the 2 muscles that flex the thumb is (thenar)
FLEXOR ________ _________
FLEXOR _________ __________

the three muscles that extend the thumb are (thenar)
extensor _______ _________
extensor _________ __________
abductor ________ _________

____1______ occurs at the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, this complex movement of ____1_____ begins with the them in the extended position and initialy invloves abduction and medial rotation of the 1st metacarpal (cupping of the palm), which is prodcues the by the actions of the ___2_____ pollicis and then flextion at the metacarpophalangeal joint.

1 is same

the reinforcming action of the adductor pollicis and flexor pollicis longus increases the pressure that the opposed thumb can exert on the _________ tips.

______1_______ forms the _____1______ eminence on the medial side of the palm

the palmar brevis is a small muscle that is in the __________ tissue of the hypoothenar eminence, not the compartment.

the ___1_____ brevis aids in the palmer grip and protects the ulnar nerve and artery. it is attached proximally to the ____2___ border of the palmer aponeurosis and the skin on the _____2____ border of the hand.

the two short hand muscles are the _________ and the ________

the ____________ (named after latin earthworm) flex the fingers athat the metacarphalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints.

the four dorsal _____________ muscles (doral interossei) are located between the __________

the 3 palmar interosseus muscles are on the palmar surfaces of the (_#_), (_#_),(_#_) metacarpals

_ out of the 4 arm muscles are flexors are in the _________ flexor compartment of arm.

what is each one called?