integumentary peds

• flat rash
• ex: freckel

• elevated fluid filled blister
• ex: chicken pox

black and blue marks

• elevated area
• ex: pimple

• elevated, pus filled
• ex: impenitgo, acne

scab

• raised red irregular
• ex: allergic reaction to a misquito bite

• dialted capillaries in the demal space and my not become apparent for a few weeks after birth.
• usually disappears without treatment by age 5

• laxer treatment or excised of becomes ucerated
• easily get infected

• size
• color
• configuration
• itching
• location
• is it localized or all over
• raised or non raised
• temp?

• present at birth and caused by dilated dermal capillaries
• flat lesions
• leasions darkens wiht age
• usually around the ear, back of head
• will darken with age
• don't mistaken for a birthmark

• prickley heat, a rash that is caused by excess body heat and moisture.
• tiny pinhead sized redden papules with occ. clear vesicles
• seen in the folds of the skin

• removing of extra clothing, vathing skincare and frequent diaper changes
• all baby have it will go away with time and age

dermatitis that occurs in the fold of the skin red, moist pathches located in the neck, inguinal, and gluteal folds.

• urine
• feces
• heat
• moisture
• often seen with cutting teeth

• PREVENTION IS THE KEY
• exposed area to air and light will help the healing process.
• treat secondary infections
• use antilfungal cream
•    -not lamosil for under age of 13
• oral nystatin

• inflammation of the skin that involves the sebaceous glands.
• sebaceous glands are clogged
• thick, yellow, oily, adherent crustlike scales on the scalp and forehead

• daily shampooing of the head and apply oit to scalp.
• soft brush to remove loose particles

red mois maculopapular rash with poorly defined borders resulting from amonis, heat and moisture

• frequent diaper changes with exposure to air and light
• physicians will prescribe ointment is the rash persists or candidia infection

inflammationof the sebaceous glands and hair follicles in the skin

blackheads

whiteheads

• tetracycline, Vit A, benwyl peroxide gels or lotions, retin - A, erythromycin, doxycyclin, or mincycline
• accutane or ortho tri cyclen

• cold sore
• viral infection begins with tingling, itching, or burning on the lip followed by and eruption of vesicles`  

• stress
• sun
• menstruation
• fever
• illness

• typcial acyclovir
• swish and swallow helps with pain

• inflammation of genetically hypersensitive skin. erythematous papules and vesicles with weeping, oozing, and crust on the face and body.
• child is sensitive to some type of allergen (food, dust, pollen, wool, soap, strong sunlight, insect bites, or vaccines)

• to releived intching and inflammation, hydrating skin, and prevent infections
• oatmeal, cornstarch, and baking soda, baths are helpful
• dove and neutrogena soap
• corticosteroids topically or systemic
• antibiotics for infections
•  

 skin infection occurs first then an abscess develops. If infection enters the bloodstream will develop septicemia with pneumonia, osteomylitis, or menigitis may result. primary site for invasion of bacteria is umbilicus of circusion

antibiotics and isolation

• caused by staph or strep
• moist, thin-roofed vesical
• vesicals rupture to a thick honey colored crust
• VERY CONTAGIOUS!!!!

• around mouth
• nose
• neck
• axilla
• and groin

• systemic antibiotics
• frequent handwashing
• wash lesiond three to four times a day to remove crust with warm h2o
• apply topical ointments as perscribed

48 hours after abx treatment

• ringworm of the scalp
• often seen in school age kids

patches of hair loss followed by papules then pustules which progress into scales

• history
• appearance
• wool's light test

• antifungal suspension (can take up to 8 - 12 weeks)
• avoid sun
• do not share hats, combs, or other personal items

ringworm of the skin

• oval scaly inflamed ring with clear center
• seen on face, neck, arms, and hands

 antifungal ointment bid for 2 - 4 weeks

• athletes foot (most common)
• found between the toes ont the instep or soles

• topical anti fungal, may need oral antibiotics
• clean and air dry foot prior to applying cream

tinactin or agtat liquid or powder

lice infecstation

head lice

 body lice

crabs or pubic lice

• aimed at ridding the parasite
• treaterthe excoriated skin
• prevent reinfestation
• if shampoo/soap is used more than directed it can cause neurological problems

• nits attach to the hair
• hatch within 3 - 4 days

• RID or NIX shampoo
• retreat 7 - 10 days
• washe everything

parsite infection caused by sarcaptes scabiei, itch mite

• intense itching especially at night
• vesiculopustular lesion

• Elimite
• treat all family members

burns

• thermal  - hot water or cofee
• chemical - cleaner
• electrical - can have cardiac arrest
• radiation - due to x-ray or radioactive substance

• no break in the skin
• red, hot to touch and painful

• cold water to stop burning process
• appy antimicrobial ointment (sylavadine)

• epidemis and most of dermis
• moist, pink or red skin with blister ( do not pop that creates open line to infection)

• coldwater
• strerile dressing or clean cloth
• seek medical attention

• deep in to demis
• can develop infection, trauma, or poor blood supply.
• red, tan, or dull white blisters seen

• cold water
• cover with sterile dressing or cloth
• call 911

• full thickness
• involves entire skin and all of its structures
• dull, brown, black or pearly white that does not blanch or refill

• cold water
• cover with clean sheet or sterile dressing
• call 911

• stop burning process
• evaluate injury
• cover the burn
• transport to the hospital

• clean the wound with sterile water
• aplly antimicrobial ointment with loose dressing
• teache warning signs of infection
• give Td and DTaP if needed
• pain meds

• establish airway (give o2)
• endotracheal intubtion used when inadequate airway is present
• inadequat chest movement may require escharotomy.
• stat ABGs, CMP,CBC, and blood type and cross matching

• IV morephine
• demerol can cause seizures
• IV fluids with LR

• cyanosis
• singed nose hairs
• charred lips
• stridor

put to sleep and slice the chest wall to open skin and help allow rise and fall of the chest

• LR IV solutioin initiated
• albumin or plasma will be given with in 24 - 48 hours
• foley for hourly I and O
• NG tube
• Td or DTaP
• IV antibiotics

strict sterile technique

acute stage of recoveryto prevent infeciton and reduce fluid loss

graft from disease free cadavier or donor

• tissue from disease free animal
• usually a pig

•  come from the neonate foreskin
• forskin combined with nylon mesh and they freeze it
• can only be used if it has been less that 6 hours since burn occured

• protective isolation
• strict sterile technique
• report any signs of infection immediatly
• s/s of fluid overload
• accurat I&O, daily wt, food consumed
• ROM, turn q 2 hours,
• emotional support for child and parents

• A
• B
• C
• zinc

chilblain is cold injury with erythema, vesicles and lesions that occur as result if vasoconstriction

• pale
• hard without sensation

• warm moist O2
• warming blanket
• warm IV fluids
• accurate I&O
• frequent VS