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Types of immune disorders
- 1. hypersensitives- hyper active immune response
- 2. Auto- immune diseases- immune system deficiencies
- 3. Acquired immune difciencies- genetic diseases
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4 types of hypersensitivities
- Type 1: anaphylaxis: local or systemic- immediate response (signs and symptoms)
- Type 2: cytotoxic- End result is cell destruction
- Type 3: immune complex- what immune system is respoding to
- Type 4: cell mediated or delayed- circulating immune cells
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Type 1- anaphylaxis: local or systemic
- Genetic, release of cytokines (histamine), causes vasodilation, secretions, sneezing,
- ex- Insect stings, Pollen grains, Animal dander: arthropod feces- dust mites, Food allergies, Penicillin (systemic), Peanuts
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Type 2: cytotoxic
- Immune response against self cell surface antigens, we are supposed to have these
- Ex- Hemolytic reactions: blood type, HDN (Rh factor)
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Type 3: Immune Complex
- Uncommon, complexes imbedded in tissues, stimulate immue response against them
- antigens bind with antibodies to form complexes. Phagocytes remove most of them but some lodge in walls of blood vessels
- Results in wide spread tissue destruction
- Ex- Arthritis, Lupus
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Type 4: Delayed or cellular
- Sensitized T cell target antigen coated self cells: requires prior exposure
- Results in cell destruction
- Ex- Tuberculosis
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Auto Immune Diseases
- Our own body is attacking our own body
- ex- Pheumatoid arthritis, Graves disease, MS
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Immune Deficiencies
- Genetic disorders (born with problem in immune system)
- Examples:
- Gammaglobulinemia- b cell deficiency- more seaptitial of fighing bacterial diseases
- DiGeorge's syndrome- t cell deficiency- more seaptitial of fighing viral diseases
- Severe combine immune deficiencyChediak- Higashi disease (NK (natural killer) cell deficiency- fight cancer cells (neoplastic)
- AIDS- impaired Th function due to HIV
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