CCNA - OSI Model

Segmentation of a data stream happens at which layer of the OSI model?

This layer is responsible for the delivery of the messages between two or more networked hosts?

This layer provides the interface for email, telnet, and ftp apps and file transfers

This layer utilizes the virtual circuits created by the Transport layer to establish communication

The specifications of this layer include:
-Physical layout of the network
-Voltage changes & timing of voltage changes
-Data rates
-Maximum transmission distances
-Physical connectors to transmission medium

This layer is enables the movement of data over a link from one to device to another by defining the interface between the network medium & the software on the computer

Routers operate at this layer which can commonly be divided into three sub-layers:
-subnetwork access
-subnetwork dependent convergence
-subnetwork independent convergence

This layer's primary responsibility of this protocol is to define the syntax that network hosts use to communicate

This layer is used in applications that make use of remote procedure calls

This layer is divided into 2 sublayers: LLC & MAC
-Logical Link Control maintains the logical link used for communications between devices
-LLC includes error checking, frame synchronization and flow control
-Media Access Control controls the transmission of packets from one NIC to another over a shared media channel.
-Common MAC methods; token passing and CSMA/Collision Detection and Avoidance

Common protocols for this layer of the OSI model include the following:
- FTP
-Telnet
-Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
-Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
-HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
-Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
- Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

The following functions performed at this layer:
- traffic direction to the end destination
- addressin; logical network & service address
- routing functions; route discovery & selection
- packet switching
- packet sequence control
- end-to-end error detection, from data sender to receiver of data
- congestion control
- flow control & error control
- gateway services

Important functions performed at this layer to enable network communication are:
- guaranteed data delivery
- name resolution
- flow control
- error detection
- error recovery

This layer is sometimes referred to as the "syntax" layer and is responsible for transforming information or data into formats the application layer can use

The following are associated with this layer:
- network connection types and how cable is attached to the Network Interface Card
- data encoding
- bit synchronization
- multiplexing
- termination

The following protocols used at this layer:
- tcp  connection oriented
- udp connectionless

Compression and encryption fall into the function of this layer

This layer is primary responsible for establishing the paths used for transfer of data packets between devices on the network

This layer manages the ordering of bits, packets, to and from data segments ensuring results called frames

This layer verifies that each end of the network connection can start the data transfer process

Ensures that frames are transmitted from one computer to another with no errors & it establishes an error free connection between two devices

All devices that function at this layer handle signaling and are handled in bits (1's & 0's)

This layer maintains connections between two computers to enable communications

This layer is hardware specific and deals with the actual physical connection between the computer and the network medium.

The responsibilities of this layer include the following:
- packet addressing
- media access control
- format used to encapsulate data
- error notification on the physical later
- managing of error messages specific to the delivery of packets

This layer is primarily responsible for communications between adjacent network nodes

This layer of the OSI model provides the interface between the network protocol and the software running on the computer

This layer establishes process to process communications between two or more networked hosts

The following functions are performed at this layer
- protocol conversion
- data translation
- data encryption & decryption
- data compression
- character set conversion
- interpretation of graphics commands

This layer handles the bit level transmission between two or more network nodes

Components in this layer include connectors, cables types, pin-outs, and voltages

Network switches & hubs operate at this layer which may also correct errors generated in the physical layer

This layer receives packets from the network layer and structures these packets into frames.

This layer handles fragmentation and reassembly of messages & controls the reliability of a given link

This layer transmits raw bit streams over a physical medium & deals with establishing a connection between computers to enable communication.

The layer at which each computer verifies that the application transmitting the data is actually allowed to access the network.

The following are performed at this layer:
- establishes, terminates & monitors communication between applications
- name lookup and security function
- data synchronization
- placement of the header information in a packet which determines the point where a message starts and where it ends
- controls whether communication or messages are transmitted as full duplex or half duplex

Too many hosts in a broadcast domain, broadcast storms, multicasting, and low bandwidth are all possible causes of?

The Ethernet term used to describe a network collection of devices in which one particular device sends a packet on a network segment, forcing every other device on that same segment to pay attention to it?

The term used to describe a set of all devices on a network segment hearing all broadcasts sent on that segment

Describe the difference between a hub, a bridge, a switch and a router.

Describe the difference between connection-oriented and connectionless network services

How do you connect a console cable from a PC to a router?

Name the three layers in the Cisco three-layer hierarchical model.

What networking devices can you use to connect a CROSSOVER CABLE with? Describe pin settings