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prohibits trade in wildlife, fish and plants that have been illegally taken, transported or sold
1st federal law protecting wildlife
US Lacey Act of 1900
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conservation biology type?
- in-situ conservation
- -in the field conservation
- -done by protecting them and their habitat
- ex-situ conservation
- -out of the field
- -conserving helping the population repopulate in a lab, zoo, aquarium
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1964 = 417
nesting pairs
loss of habitat
hunted
DDT
took out of environment
ex-situ rehab
August 8, 2007 = off end species list
Bald Eagle Conservation
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ex-situ = saves plants from destruction
cryogenically frozen for future
stored in duplicate location
seed- banks
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ex-situ = breed plants and educate
asexual reproductive techniques
botanical gardens (a zoo for plants)
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growing own corals
rehabs of injured animals
raising public awareness
aquariums: ex- situ
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artificial insemination
embryo transfer
education
zoos: ex-situ
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National Conservation Orgs.
Audobon society: birds
American Cetacean Society: Marine mammals
National wildlife Federation
Sierra Club
Tree People
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International Conservation Orgs.
World Conservation Union (IUCN)
World Wildlife Fund
Cousteau Society = buys land, establishes reserves
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1973 illegal to import or track products of E.S. unless used explicitly for science
USFWS responsible
species on list cannot be "taken", threatened, killed, harmed, habitat can't be harmed
US Endangered Species Act
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Problems with ESA
encourages people to destroy land before listing
no focus on ecosystem
is inflexible
is political
focus on charismatic megafauna
only 8 species de-listed
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International laws
(CITES) Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species
created by IUCN: World Con. union
Signed by 169 countries
prohibits trade of live specimens or products of 900 species on list
-
CITES
does not use Endangered or threatened
uses appendix
- Appendix 1 listed means endangered
- Appendix 2 listed means threatened
an org. can be on both CITES and US ESA
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IUCN's red list
world conservation union list
assess conservation status of global species
use critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable (threatened)
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regulates whaling
bans on gill-netting, purse seines
Japan/Finland no sign!
International Whaling Comission
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how to save endangered species?
establish parks, preserves and wilderness areas that are not fragmented
enforce legislation such as US ESA and CITES support $$ env. organizations
control human population and consumption
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