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Number of AU in one light year?
6.3 x 104
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How long does it take light from the sun to reach the Earth? (AU & Speed of light)
Speed of light-3 x 105 km/s, 3 x 108 m/s, or 1.86 x 105 m/s,-8.3 minutes
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How long does it take light from alpha centauri to reach the earth?
4.4 light years
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Parsec (PC)
3.26 light years
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Megaparsec (MPC)
3.26 X 1 million
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1st five closes stars to Earth:
- 1. Sun 1.5 x 108 km or 9.3 x 107 miles away
- 2. Proxima Centaur 4.3 LY
- 3. Alpha Centauri 4.4 LY
- 4. Bernards Star 5.9 LY
- 5. Wold 359 7.666 LY
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Galexy
disk-shaped cluster of numerous stars, dust, and gasses.
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Classification of galaxies by Edwin Hubble?
elliptical, spiral, barred spiral, and irregular galaxies.
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Star
huge mass of hot gaseous material held together by gravity.
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Hertzsprung and Russell Diagram (H-R)
used to show the relationship between the absolute brightness of stars and their photospheric temperatures. Grouped stars into supergiants, giants, main sequence, and white dwarfs.
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Star spectracle
7 main classes, O, B, A, F, G, K, and M. Arraigned in order of decreasing photospheric temperature. Type O hottest, type M coolest. Temps range from 50,000 k/o and 3,000 k/m.
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Star-birth, growth, death
Protostar, black dwarf, black hole
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Quasar
Quasistellar radio sources. Star like "heavenly" body that emits radio waves and brightness. Most distant objects and brightest heavenly body in universe.
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Members of Solar System.
Sun, 9 planets, their satellites, asteroids comets, meteoroids.
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4 layers of Sun.
the corona, the chromosphere, the photosphere, and the core.
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Sunspot surface temperature?
The surface temperature of a sunspot is 3,000-4,500K (2,727°C-4,227°C), and the largest sunspot measures about 160,000 kilometers across.
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Surface of Moon.
The surface of the Moon is composed of highlands called lunar highlands that are heavily cratered and smooth dark areas called maria.
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Venus
brightest planet in our solar system, has greenhouse effect because 96% of atmosphere is carbon dioxide.
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Elcipse
sun, earth, moon must be in a straight line, one cant block the other.
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Lunar
takes place during the full moon.
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solar eclipse
when the Moon is directly between the Sun and the Earth.
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Rotation of Moon.
you can only see one side.
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Apogee is when the Moon is farthest from the Earth on its orbit and perigee is when the Moon is closest to the Earth.
Perihelion is when the Earth is close to the Sun and aphelion is when the Earth is far from the Sun.
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IDl
A traveler gains one day traveling from west but loses one day traveling from east.
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Prime Meridian
Longitudes are measured east and west of the prime meridian, which is 0 longitude. Longitudes range from 0 to 180 east and from 0 to 180 west.
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Used to express?
Latitudes and longitudes are expressed in degrees (°), minutes (), and seconds ().
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Latitude/Longitude
- Long- 0-180 east/west
- Lat- 0-90 north/south
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Time Zones
US uses 9 time zones.
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Mars
described as red planet because it has an ionoxide on each soil. Has 4 largest volcanos in solar system, Olympus Mons)
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Jupiter
largest planet in our solar system, rotates the fastest. 5 galena moons, most active volcano in solar system Io.
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Planets
4 have rings, Saturn has very prominent rings.
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Asteroids
are found between the orbits of Mars & Jupiter, that region called Asteroid belt.
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Ceres
asteroid, largest, also a minor planet/dwarf planet.
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Meteroites
Meteoroids are rock fragments of comets and asteroids revolving around the Sun. Meteors are the glowing streak of light and hot gases in the sky formed as a result of friction between the atmosphere and meteoroids.
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Comets
found in oort clouds. Haleys comet last time saw was 1986, take 76 years to complete around the sun.
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