-
Trapezius
- elevate, dpress, retract scapula
- Spinal accessory (C3,C4)
-
Latissimus dorsi
- extend, adduct, medially rotate arm
- Thoracodorsal (C6,C7,C8)
-
Levator scapulae
- elevation of scapula
- Dorsal scapular (C5)
-
Rhomboids
- retraction of scapula
- Dorsal scapular (C5)
-
Iliocostalis
- unilateral: ipsilateral sidebend & bilateral: extension
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Longissimus
- unilateral: ipsilateral sidebend & bilateral: extension
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Spinalis
- unilateral: ipsilateral sidebend & bilateral: extension
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Semispinalis capitis
- unilateral: contralateral rotation & bilateral: extension
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Semispinalis cervicis
- unilateral: contralateral rotation & bilateral: extension
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Multifides
- local stabilization of vertebrae
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Rotators
- proprioceptive
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Splenius capitis
- unilateral: laterally flex, ipsilateral rotation & bilateral: extension/look-up
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Splenius cervicis
- unilateral: laterally flex, ipsilateral rotation & bilateral: extension/look-up
- posterior primary rami of spinal nn.
-
Gluteus maximus
- extension of thigh @ hip, lateral rotation of thigh
- inferior gluteal n (L5,S1,S2)
-
Gluteus medius
- abduction of thigh @ hip, medial rotation of thigh
- superior gluteal n (L5,S1)
-
Gluteus minimus
- abduction of thigh @ hip, medial rotation of thigh
- superior gluteal n (L5,S1)
-
Piriformis
- abduction of thigh @ hip (in flexion), lateral rotation of thigh (in extension)
- ventral rami (S1, S2)
-
Obturator internus
- lateral rotation of thigh, abduction of thigh when hip flexed
- nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
-
Gemelli twins
- lateral rotation of femur
- S: obturator n I:quadratus femoris
-
Quadratus femoris
- lateral rotation of femur
- nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)
-
Rectus femoris
- extension of knee, flex thigh @ hip
- femoral n (L2,L3,L4)
-
Vastus lateralis
- extension of knee
- femoral n (L2,L3,L4)
-
Vastus medialis
- extension of knee
- femoral n (L2,L3,L4)
-
Vastus intermedius
- extension of knee
- femoral n (L2,L3,L4)
-
Sartorius
- hip flexion, lateral rotation, abduction
- femoral n (L2,L3)
-
Tensor fascia lata
- abduct & flex hip
- superior gluteal n (L4,L5)
-
Psoas major
- hip flexion, lateral rotation
- ventral rami (L1-L3)
-
Pectineus
- adduction, flexion of hip
- femoral n (L2, L3,L4) (obturator)
-
Obturator externus
- adduction, lateral rotation of femur
- obturator n (L3,L4)
-
Adductor longus
- adduction, flexion & lateral rotation of thigh
- obturator n (L2,L3,L4)
-
Adductor brevis
- adduction & lateral rotation of thigh
- obturator n (L2,L3,L4)
-
Adductor magnus
- adduction & lateral rotation of thigh, extend thigh @ hip
- obturator n (L2,L3,L4) tibial n (L4)
-
Gracilis
- adduction, flexion of knee
- obturator n (L2,L3)
-
Semitendinosus
- extension @ hip, flexion @ knee, medial rotation of leg
- tibial portion of sciatic n (L5,S1,S2)
-
Semimembranous
- extension @ hip, flexion @ knee, medial rotation of leg
- tibial portion of sciatic n (L5,S1,S2)
-
Biceps femoris long head
- extension @ hip, flexion @ knee & lateral rotation of leg (w/short head)
- tibial portion of sciatic n (L5,S1,S2)
-
Biceps femoris short head
- flexion @ knee & lateral rotation of leg (w/long head)
- c. peroneal of sciatic n (L5,S1,S2)
-
Tibialis Anterior
- dorsiflex, toe extend, inversion
- deep (fibular) peroneal n (L4-S1)
-
Extensor digitorium longus
- dorsiflex, extend lateral 4 toes, eversion
- deep peroneal n (L5-S1)
-
Extensor hallucis longus
- dorsiflex, extend great toe, inversion
- deep peroneal n (L5-S1)
-
Peroneus longus
- eversion and plantar flexion
- superficial peroneal n (L5-S1)
-
Peroneus brevis
- eversion and plantar flexion
- superficial peroneal n (L5-S1)
-
Gastrocnemis
- plantarflex foot, flex @ knee
- tibial n (S1,S2)
-
Plantaris
- plantarflex foot, flex @ knee
- tibial n (S1,S2)
-
Soleus
- plantarflex foot
- tibial n (S1,S2)
-
Popliteus
- flexion @ knee, medial rotation of leg
- tibial n (L4, L5, S1)
-
Flexor digitorium longus
- plantarflex & invert foot, flex lateral 4 toes
- tibial n (S2,S3)
-
Flexor hallucis longus
- plantarflex & invert foot, flex great toe
- tibial n (S2,S3)
-
Tibialis posterior
- plantarflex & invert foot
- tibial n (L4,L5)
-
Abductor hallucis
- abduct and flex great toe
- medial plantar n (S2,S3)
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