ch. 3 applied psych cjs

the scientific approach has equal validity and promise in the study of humanity and society

normal state

actions intended to ward off evil spirits

physical pain

• "nature of things"
• later refined as science

practioners of physiognomy make judgements about individuals' mental qualities, character, and personality based on external phycial characteristics, esp facial features

classification based on certain physical qualities

using a skull's shape and protuberances, with the latter supposedly suggesting either latent or manifest criminality

study of the human skull

nature specifically eliminated a species' survive to reproduce.

branch of anthropology based on taking body measurements to determine individual differences

• Lombroso
• crime derived from arrest evolution

atavistic man had peculiar physical characteristics

arguing that socially problematic groups inherited their tendency toward verious forms of devoultion (backward evolution).

the practice of ridding the human species of unfit biological stock largely through sterilization, life sentences in prison, or death.

study of criminal man through embroys

• muscalr bodies
• aggressive tendencies

specific body type

• fragile, skinny bodies
• small faces,
• introversive tendencies

soft and round bodies

twin studies assume that criminal activities of identical twins are more similar that those found in fraternal twins, then hereditary factors are the cause

compare the crime and delinquency rates of biological and adoptive parents

address the nubmer and type of chromosomes in individuals

• is usually over six feet tall, exhibits low mental functioning
• suffers from acute acne
• often clumsy

criminologists who see to understand crime using biological explanations

allows for the effects of free will

murder of harvey milk blamed murders on consumption of too many twinkies

holds that chemical imbalances in heavy metals and other toxins may contribute significantly to antisocial behavior by disrupting the normal functioning of a person's brain chemistry

• an extension of the hormonal imbalance theme.
• behavior brought on by menses that is
• irrational, bizarre, or agressive

• 1. methodological issues
• 2. causal ordering problems
• 3. overstated cases