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what part of the brain is located between the cerebrum and brain stem?
diencephalon
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what part of the brain contains the thalamus & hypothalamus?
diencephalon
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what part of the diencephalon sorts incoming sensory impulses & directs to correct areas of the cerebral cortex
thalamus
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what part of the diencephalon is inferior to the thalamus, maintains homeostasis by controlling the pituitary gland and parasympathetic & sympathetic divisions of as?
hypothalmus
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what part of the diencephlaon regulates temp, sleep, water balance, appetites, emotions like fear of pleasure?
hypothalamus
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what system is found bordering the diecephalon and cerebrum it controls the emotional states and behaviors?
limbic system
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what part of the limbic system functions in learning and long-term memory?
hippocampus
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what part of the limbic system is networked along the brain stem and controls wakefulness and sleep
reticular formation
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what system links conscious functions of cerebral cortex with automatic of brain stem?
limbic system
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what are the three parts of the brain stem?
- midbrain
- pon
- medulla oblongata
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what part of the brain is the superior section of the brain stem and is inferior to center of the cerbrum?
midbrain
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what part of the brain stem controls the reflexes of the eye and ear?
midbrain
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what part of the brain stem controls visual, auditory integration?
midbrain
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what part of the brain stem connects the cerebrum to other parts of the brain and spinal cord?
midbrain
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what part of the brain stems has the exits for cranial nerves 3 & 4?
midbrain
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what part of the brain stem is the middle section between the midbrain and medulla oblongata, it is anterior to the cerebellum?
pons
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what part of the brain stem connects the cerebellum to other parts of the brain and spinal cord?
pons
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what part of the brain stem contains the respiratory centers for involuntary reflex?
pons
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what part of the brain stem has the exits for cranial nerves 5-8?
pons
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what part of the brain stem is the inferior section of the brain stem between the pons and spinal cord?
medulla oblongata
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what part of the brain stem contains tracts of ascending sensory fibers & descending motor fibers?
medulla oblongata
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what in the medulla oblognata controls muscles of respiration in response to chemical or other stimuli?
respiratory center
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what in the medulla oblongata regulates rate and strength of the heartbeat?
cardiac center
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what in the medulla oblongata regulates contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels and regulating blood flow and blood pressure?
vasomotor center
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in the medulla oblongata what is it called when motor fibers from cerebral cortex cross to the other side?
contra-lateral control
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what part of the brain stem is the reflex center for coughing, sneezing, swallowing, vomiting?
medulla oblongata
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what part of the brain stem has the exits for cranial nerves 9-12?
medulla oblongata
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what part of the brain stem can be extremely fatal if it is injured?
medulla oblongata
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what of the brain is nicknamed "little brain"?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain is in the posterior location, it is inferior to parietal and occipital lobes of the cerebrum?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain is connected with cerebrum, brain stem, and spinal cord?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain has two hemispheres and a middle vermis?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain has gray matter on the outside with inner white matter in a tree-like pattern?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain maintains equilibrium and balance?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain produces smooth coordinated movements of voluntary muscle and maintains normal muscle tone & posture?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain receives impulses from inner ear, eye, and sensory receptors in tendons & muscles?
cerebellum
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what part of the brain has disorders that cause tremors or jerky movements?
cerebellum
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how may cranial pairs are there?
12
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of the cranial nerves, how many pairs do not exit the brain stem?
first 2 pairs
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in the cranial nerves what impulse deals with smell, taste, vision, and hearing from special sense organs?
special sensory impulses
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in the cranial nerves what impulse deals with pain, touch, temp, deep muscle sense, pressure, vibration from receptors throughout the body?
general sensory impulse
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in the cranial nerve what impulse deals with voluntary control of skeletal muscle?
somatic motor impulse
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in the cranial nerve what impulse deals with involuntary control of glands, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle?
visceral motor impulse
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what nerve is for sensory, sensation, and smell?
olfactory
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what nerve is for sensory, sensation, and vision?
optic
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what nerve is for motor, it innervates all eye muscles except 2, and pupil diameter?
oculomotor
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what nerve is for innervating one eye muscle, it is motor.
trochlear
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what nerve is mixed, sensation (pain, touch, temp) from face (eyes, upper jaw, lower jaw) it innervates muscles of jaw for mastication?
trigeminal
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what nerve innervates one eye muscle, motor?
abducent
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what nerve innervates facial muscles, lacrimal glands, small salivary glands, sensation of taste from 2/3 of tongue?
facial
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what nerve is for sensation of hearing/equilibrium from inner ear? Previously named auditory or acoustic nerve?
vestibulocochlear
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what nerve if for sensation of taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue, innervates largest salivary gland (parotid) and the muscles involved in swallowing?
glossopharyngeal
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what nerve if for PNS innervation of most organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities, it is mixed?
Vagus
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what nerve innervates muscle of neck and larynx, it is motor?
accessory
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what nerve is for innervating tongue muscle, it is motor?
hypoglossal
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what disease is permanent, non-progressive disorder that affects motor control areas of brain, leading to paralysis?
Cerebral Palsy
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this disease is caused by brain trauma before, during, or after birth?
cerebral palsy
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this disease affects both the arms an legs, on one side of body or on both sides?
cerebral palsy
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what disease causes muscle/join contractures, abnormal gait, problems with small motor movements,
cerebral palsy
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how do you diagnose cerebral palsy?
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what disease's treatment is orthopedic devices, PT, OT, visual hearing aids, muscle relaxants, anticonvulsants?
cerebral palsy
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what is the prognosis of cerebral palsy?
usually normal life expectancy (depends on severity)
-
what disease is a progressive neuromusclar disease, it causes death of motor neurons?
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
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what is the name of Lou Gehrig's Disease?
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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what disease is usually idiopathic, and rarely genetic?
amyotrohphic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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what disease is subtle initially, has no effect on involuntary muscles or intellect?
amyotrohpic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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Signs of weakness in hands, arm,s legs, muscles of speech, swallowing/breathing, clumsiness, twitching, cramping, slurred speech is?
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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what disease affects men more than during middle age?
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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what are the diagnosis of ALS?
neuromusclar exam, electromyography (abnormal), and nerve conduction velocity (slow speed of nerve conduction, decreased muscle action)
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what is the treatment of ALS?
- no cure
- antiglutamate/neuroprotective medcation
- skeletal muscle relaxants to relieve spasticity
- respiratory
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riluzole's trade name is? and it treats what disease?
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what is the prognosis of ALS?
- termina
- usually respiratory failure 3-5years after symptoms appear
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