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Tagma
The fusion of two or more body segments.
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Procuticle
Deep and thick, made of chitin and proteins, as well as calcium sometimes.
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Epicuticle
Thinner and superficial, made of lipids and proteins, repels water and provides protection from dehydration.
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Ecdysis
Molting. The old shell is lost so the new shell can take its place.
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Tracheal system
Insect respiratory system, uses many pores to feed oxygen directly to its tissue.
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Compound eyes
advanced eyes that specialize in color and motion.
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Malpigian tubules
A more efficient excretory system, reduce water loss in waste expulsion.
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Subphylum Trilobita
Extinct. Trilobites; Bottom dwellers, similar characteristics of horseshoe crabs. Could roll up like pill bugs.
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Subphylum Myriapoda
Tagmatized into a head and trunk, houses class Chilopoda and Diplopoda.
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Class Chilopoda and Diplopoda
The centipedes and millipedes respectfully. Chilo's have one pair of legs per segment while the Diplo have 2 pairs.
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Subphylum Chelicerata
Scorpions, spiders, ticks, etc.; Head and thorax are combined into cephalothorax.
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Chelicerae and pedipalps
Modified appendages, they handle food.
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Spider fang
Modified appendage, secretes digestive fluids.
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Gnathobase
Horseshoe crab appendage, grinds their food.
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Subphylum Crustacea
Crabs, lobsters, etc.; Mostly marine, pill bug being an exception. Have mandibles.
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Cervical groove
carapace ends at this region, the end of the carapace.
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Carapace
Hard cover covering the head of the crayfish.
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Atennules and antenna
Specialized appendages for sensory perception.
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Maxillae and mandibles
Maxillae moves food to the mandibles, whom crush food.
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Maxillipeds
Modified appendages that make up mouth parts after the mandible.
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Walking legs
Bigger legs used to walk around or help swim.
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Chelipad
The pincer, used in defense.
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Uropod and telson
the "fins" on the crayfish, used to help swim.
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Copulatory swimmeret
used by males to help with mating
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Seminal receptacle
Found on females, expels eggs for fertilization.
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Statocyst
A balance sensory receptor.
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Gills and Gill chamber
Used for gas exchange.
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Bailer
Moves constantly to keep a current on the gills.
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Cardiac and pyloric stomache
Churn and chew food.
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Gastric teeth
Hard teeth like structure found in the pyloric stomach.
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Ganglia
clusters of neuron cell bodies, act as the brain.
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