Hinduism

A diverse family of traditions linked by certain shared religious beliefs and practice.

False; oldest religion

Third largest

None

Hinduis are one of the poorest countries, many times they just bare to stay alive

Vedas- four collections of hymns used for religious rites; oldest and most sacred text

Sanskrit- The sacred language of hinduism; no one speaks it

upanishads- 123 philosophical works on the nature of reality and religious truth

Puranas- 18 works containing popular legends about gods, heros, and ancient indian history

-Ramayana- "Story of Rama" epic tale of the earthly life of the god Rama

-Mahabharata-"Great Story of the Bharates"legendary history of ancient India

Part of Mahabharata in the Puranas its known as the song of the Lord its the dialogue and religious instruction from the god Krishna

"truth" about the nature of reality and the set of social and ethical "duties" done to correctly align oneself with the truth. 

The division of indian society into four hierarchical social classes with interpersonal and religious significance

• -Brahmin (Priests)
• -Kshatriya (Warrior/rulers)
• -Vaishya (Merchants)
• -Shudra (Servents)
• -Dalit (Untouchables)

(Birth group) there are thousands of smaller caste distinctions and they all are linked; this includes marriage, type of employment and rights.

People are categories by their caste making them polluted or pure. This is like holy and  not holy. People are separated are treated if them themselves are dirty or polluted. This restricts peoples diet and hygiene. 

Brahman

The absolute; the ultimate reality; the universal essence that is present in everything and in everyone

Monism; Brahman is the ultimate god he is in everyone; although there are 330 millions gods, they are all Brahman; (such as the father, son and holy spirit) Brahman is not a person its a just a thing. People don't worship or honor him.

Divinity manifests itself within the physical wold

They are powerful, personal and accessible they take multiple forms, names and have different meanings. They all have certain powers and spheres of life

• the endless cycle of life, death, and rebirth
• -Matter-the casmas is continually created, destroyed and recreated
• -Time- Is continues it is repetitive and endless

People are continually reborn into something else, its in endless cycle of being reborn

• -Plants
• -animals
• -human
• -hell
• -heavens
• -ghosts

Human; because it is the only form that you can end samsara in

The natural principle that actions have corresponding effects

Liberation- the ultimate goal is to free oneself from the bonds of samsara

• -Avidya- "ignorance" failure to grasp the true nature of reality
• -Maya- "illusion" the misapprehension that samsara is the whole of reality.

-Conventional (Appearance) the relative nature of things as they appear to unenlightened minds

-Absolute (Real) the absolute nature of things as apprehended by enlightened minds

the absolute; ultimate reality; the universal unchanging essence present in all things

The individual "self" or "soul" is of the same essence as Brahman

• "You are that"
• Atmah is Brahman

"to yoke" a religious discipline used to attain spiritual liberation

"holyman" a person who renounces worldly life to pursue spiritual liberation

• -Karma- Path of action selflessly fulfilling and personal, social and religious duties
• -Jhana- Path of knowledge; the pursuit of wisdom through sacred texts and teachings
• -hatha- Path of srength the spiritual use of physical postures and exercise
• -Raja- Path of thought meditation practice that brings self-realization
• -Bhakti- Path of devotion;loving devotion to god leads to liberation

"to share" giving oneself to god

A hindu temple, the central place for religious worship

an image or icon of deity

Hindus think of Murti as god, or an embodiment of god. They become holy by touching and leaving sacrifices to the murti.

The worship of god, in front of a murti or embodiment of god. 

Seeing and being sen by god during worship, their eyes are seen as the gateway to god. 

"grace of god" ritual offerings given back to worship

• -Vaishnavities-Hindus who regard and worship the god Vishnuas the highest, supreme being
• -Shaivites- hindus who regard and worship the god Shiva
• -Saktas- Hindus who worship some form of the goddess (devi).