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name 5 products by bugs that are used by people
silk, bee stings for therapy, dyes, inseck galls, shellac, maggot therapy, leeches,
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What is MAGGOT THERAPY?
help clean wounds faster and promote faster healing
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What is entomophagy?
study of insects and their relationship to humans, the environment, and other organisms
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What is a virus?
small infectious agent that can only replicate inside the cells of another organism.
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What is a bacterium?
A member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms lacking organelles and an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease.
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What is a bacteriophage?
A virus that parasitizes a bacterium by infecting it and reproducing inside it.
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How are viroids and prions different?
Viroids: cause crop diseases
Prions: infected particles which causes mad disease
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What is the primary reason today we should greatly fear bacterial infections?
out of antibiotics
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What are Archaea and what are the 3 main types?
archaea: group of single-celled microorganisms
3 main: Methanogens, halophiles, thermoacidophiles
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What are protists? Name some
protists: single celled organism
Algae, Protazoa
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What is a slime mold?
organisms that uses spore to reproduce
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What is the significant evolutionary role played by the charophytes?
believed that land plants come from this underwater plant
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What are mosses, lychophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms?
moss:A small flowerless green plant that lacks true roots
lychophyes: first to have a vascular system
gymnosperms: cone- bearing plants
angiosperms: flowering plants
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Describe the “alternation of generations”.
reproductive cycle of those plants, fungi and protists in which a multicellular diploid phase alternates with a multicellular haploid phase
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What determines which plant generation is the dominant generation?
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What is a vascular plant?
lignified tissues for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant
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How do perfect and imperfect flowers differ?
perfect meaning it has everything, imperfect meaning it is missing male or female parts
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What is a monoceious plant? How about a dioecious one?
monoceious: male and female on both plant
dioecious: male and female on separate plants
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What are fungi and hyphae?
fungi: spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter
hyphae:Each of the branching filaments that make up fungi
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Describe how fungi can be pests.
it can take over and kill crops, for example corn smut
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What is the colonial flagellate hypothesis?
the first animal evolved from flagellate protists that lived in colonies
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Compare and contrast bilateral and radial symmetry.
radial meaning you can split it in half from any angle and it will be equal. nilateral meaning you can only split it down the center to be equal
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What are the 5 principal evolutionary trends in animals?
- 1. multicellular
- 2. germ layers
- 3.differ in germ layers gave rise to what organs
- 4. presence of absences of coelom
- 5. protostomes v deterostemes
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Describe a sponge and a cnidarian.
sponges: sac-like bodies perforated by many pore, marine life,
cnidarian: ancient group of invertebrates with in a rich fossil record
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How do flatworms, mollusks and annelids differ?
flatworm: bilateral symmetry and have no coelon
mollusks: coelomate organisms with a complete digestive tract
annelids: segmented
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What is an arthropod?
invertebrate having jointed limbs and a segmented body with an exoskeleton made of chitin
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What is the most closely related invertebrate to the chordates?
tunicates and lancelets
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What were the first chordates to have jaws and lungs?
fishes
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How are amphibians and reptiles different?
- amphibians: water and land life
- reptiles only live on land
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What is a poikilotherm?
body temperature varies because of the surroundings
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What chordate has hollow bones?
birds
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How are monotremes and marsupials different?
monotremes: lay eggs
marsupials: give live birth
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What is a chordate? How about a hominid?
chordate: have spinal collum
hominid: A primate of a family
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What is onchocerciasis and what is its life cycle?
transmitted through the bites of blackflies to humans, the bite releases the dieses which the grows and mates inside of the host. they can live for up to 15 years.
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What does the tsetse fly transmit?
sleeping disease
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What is a dracunculoid worm?
parasite that grows in host causing blisters often in legs and feet
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