-
Polymers consisting of chains of amino acids linked together. They are very important and play a role in almost every biological function
Proteins
-
an organic compound
that contains an amino group and a carboxylate group in ionic form
amino acid
-
What re the 4 classifications of amino acids? What are these classifications based on?
- non-polar
- polar but neutral
- acidic
- basic
- These classifications are based on the side chains
-
Are the 20 common amino acids alpha or beta amino acids?
Alpha (because the amino group is linked to the carbon attached to the COO- group)
-
Are most amino acids in L or R form?
L (NH3 group is on the left)
-
a dipolar ion that carries both a negative and a positive charge
zwitterion
-
Are amino acids amphoteric?
Yes, they can act as either an acid or a base
-
the characteristic pH of an amino acid where there is no net charge (molecules have
equal positive and negative charges)
isoelectric point
-
a carboxylic group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group from a second amino acid
peptide formation
-
compound formed from 2 amino acids are bonded by an amide linkage
dipeptide
-
an amino acid polymer of short chain length
peptide
-
an amino acid chain of intermediate length (~ 50 amino acids)
polypeptide
-
a long chain amino acid polymer of more than 50 amino acids
protein
-
an amino acid that is part of a peptide, polypeptide or protein chain
amino acid residue
-
an amino acid on the end of the chain that has an unreacted, free amino group
N-terminal residue
-
an amino acid on the end of a chain that has an unreacted, free carboxylate group
C-terminal residue
-
Made up of long rod-shaped / string-like molecules that intertwine to form fibers
Water insoluble (eg. skin, hair, nails, fur, spider webs)
Structural proteins (eg. collagen, elastin, keratin)
Fibrous Protein
-
More spherical; either dissolves in water or forms a stable suspension
Transport proteins (eg. enzymes, hemoglobin)
Moved through the body by the circulatory system
Globular protein
-
A protein made up of only amino acid residues
simple protein
-
a protein made up of amino acid residues and other organic or inorganic components
conjugated protein
-
the non-amino acid group of a conjugated proteinĀ (may be metals, lipids or carbohydrates)
prosthetic group
-
a chemical or physical agent that destroys the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure,
but leaves the primary structure intact
denaturization
-
heating of a peptide or protein in the presence of acid or base to break into smaller peptides or
amino acids
protein hydrolysis
-
Protein Infections particle
Transmissible agents that do NOT contain DNA/RNA
prion
-
The order of amino acid residues that make up a protein chain
Primary Structure
-
Give two examples of secondary structures
- Alpha helix
- Beta pleated sheet
-
What type of bonds are involved in the secondary structure of a protein?
hydrogen bonds
-
The following types of interactions are involved in the ___ structure of a protein:
Disulfide bridges
Salt bridges
Hydrogen bonds
Hydrophobic interactions
Metal Ion coordination
Tertiary
-
Does a peptide bond rotate?
No, peptide bonds are planar (because the double bond flips between oxygen and nitrogen)
-
Denaturation by reduction typically involves reducing ____ to _____
cystine to cysteine
-
Does denaturation break the primary structure of a protein?
No
-
Does a quaternary structure involve multiple proteins?
Yes
|
|