Bio 256 2F

• detect chemicals in aqueous solustion
• smell 
• taste
• extracellular chemicals

detect light

detect temperature change

detect physical changes by cell membrane deformation

pain receptors

detect body position

fire quickly when first stimulated but then slow their firing to "adapt" to the stimulus

• odor
• temp
• touch

• fire at a constant rate when stimulus is present and stop when stimulus is removed
• no adaption 
• ex. pain

• detect deep pressure and fast vibrations
• Phasic response due to lamellation

all cutaneous receptors

area of skin innervated by sensory neuron

• smell
• taste
• sight
• hearing

• in papillae of tongue mucosa
• found on tongue

• filiform
• fungiform
• circumvallate

• Sweet
• salt
• sour
• bitter
• umami

• must be dissolved
• must contact gustatory hairs

80

olfactory epithelium, covers the superior nasal concha

Bipolar neurons with radiating olfactory cilia

• equilibrium receptors in the semicircular canals and vestibule
• maintains orientation and balance in space
• vestibular receptors monitor static equilibrium

sensory receptors for static equilibrium

jellylike mass studded with tiny CaCO3 stones called otoliths

respond to horizontal movement

respond to vertical movement

receptor for dynamic equillibrium

• vestibular receptors
• visual receptors
• somatic receptors

• Auricle (pinna)
• external auditory canal 
• tympanic membrane

• Auditory Ossicles
• Cochlea

sound detected, generator pontentials stimulated> impulse to CNS

number of waves passing a given point in a given time (Hz)

perception of different frequencies

intensity of sound (dB)

subjective interpretation of amplitude

• convoluted channels through temporal bones
• includes:
• vestibule
• cochlea
• semicircular canals

series of membranous sacs within the bony labyrinth

Connected to vestivule