-
- author "me"
- tags ""
- description ""
- fileName "Disorder of the digestive system"
- freezingBlueDBID -1.0
- What is anorexia
- Chronic loss of appetite
-
What is bulimia
Bingee-purge syndrome
-
Nursing implementation for anorexia
- Become familiar with patients eating habits
- Permit patient to choose own foods
- Dont force pt to eat
- Serve small portions
-
What is gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums
-
Symptoms of gingivitis
- Bleeding, swollen, tender gums
- Difficulty chewing
-
How to prevent gingivitis
- Brushing teeth and gums
- Daily flossing
- Adequate diet
-
What is periodontitis
- Teeth loosen
- Spreads to mandible
-
Hiw to prevent periodontitis
- Impeccable tooth and gum
- Regular flossing
- adequate diet
-
Tx of periodontitis
- Drainage of abscess
- Antibiotics
- extraction
-
What is candidiasis
- Fungus present in the mouth, intestine, vagina, and on the skin
- Thrush, moniliasis
-
Clinical manifestation of candidiasis
Small pearly-white patches on the muccous membrane
-
What is achalasia
- LES cannot relax
- Causes decreased motility of the lower portion of the esophagus
- Decrease amount of food can enter the stomach
-
Primary symptom of achalasia
Dysphagia
-
What is GERD
- Backward flow of gastric acid into the esophagus
- Reduces LES pressure
- Not a disease
-
Risks for GERD
- Alchohol, tobacco, smoking
- Delayed gastric motility
- Increased abdominal pressure
-
S/S of GERD
- Sometime no symptoms
- Heart burn 20min-2hrs
- Regurgitation
- Painful swalling
- Cough
- Wheezing
- Hoarseness
- Asthma
- Recurrent pneumonia
-
Diet for GERD
- 4-6 small meals a day
- Low fat, adequate protein, low acid
- Remain upright for 1-2 hrs after eating
-
Lifestyle changes for GERD
- Eliminate smoking
- Avoid constrictive clothing
- HOB up at least 6-8 inches for sleep
- Weight loss
-
Goals of meds of GERD
Increase or decrease the ph
-
What increases the ph level
Antacids it neutralizes it
-
When to take antacids
Take p meals 30-60min
-
-
What is used to decrease acid produced in GERD
Histamine 2 receptor Antagonist (H2 blockers)
-
Examples of histamine 2 receptors antagonist
- Tagamet
- Nizatidine
- Ranitidine
- Famotidine
-
What si barrets esophagus
Cells in esophagus change to cells normally found in the intestine
-
Barrets esophagus meds
Same meds of GERD
-
What is acute gastritis
Inflammation of the lining of the stomach
-
S/S of acute gastritis
- Fever
- HA
- epigastric pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Coating of the tongue
- Anorexia
-
Long term acute gastritis
Changes in the mucosal lining that interferes with acid and pepsin secretions
-
What is nausea
Feeling the urge to vomit
-
S/S of nausea
Increased salivation
diminishing functional activities of the stomach
Altered small intestine mobility
-
What are stress ulcers
- Transient ischemia related to blood shunting results in abnormal gastric secretions
- Leads to numerous superficial erosions that might bleed
-
what is peptic ulcers (PUD)
- Ulcerations of the mucous membrane or deeper structures of the GI tract
- Commonly happens in stomach and duodenum
-
What is H. Pylori
- Its bacteria
- Helicobacter pylori
- Typically affected in childhood, transmitted oral-fecal
- Increase risk of ulcers and gastric cancer
-
What is a gastric ulcer
- In the distal half of the stomach
- Bleed more, harder to control
-
What are duodenal ulcers
- May or may not be caused by hypersecretions of gastrin
- Ulcerations occurs when acid secretion exceeds the bluffing factor
-
S/s of gastric and duodenal
- Dull, burning, or gnawing, epigastric
- Gastric c food
- Duodenal pm
-
Diagnostic exams h pylori
Breath, serum, stool
-
PUD diet
- Bland diet
- Low in gastric acid stimulants
- Small frequent meals
- Limit tobacco, alcohol and NSAID use
-
Gastric stimulants
- Milk
- Any peppers
- Coffee decaf or regular
- Citric acid
- Some canned fruit
-
What is dumping syndrome
Rapid gastric emptying
-
Diet for dumping syndrome
- Eat 6 small meals a day
- High in protein and low in carbs
-
While eating remember what with dumping syndrome
Eat slowly and avoid fluids
-
What is diarrhea
Rapid movement through intestines of loose, watery stools resulting from increased peristalsis
-
Avoid what E-coli infection
- Anti-diarrheals
- Anti-motility
- Antibiotics cautiously
-
What ia c-difficile
Complication of antibiotics because it inhibits the growth of normal intestinal flora and allows overgrowth of c-difficile
-
Why is it hard to get rid of c-diff
Its encapsulated
-
Precautions with c-difff
Contact isolation
-
What is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Episodes of alteration in bowel function
- Disconnect between brain and intestine
-
Diagnostic test for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- History and physical exam
- Often by exclusion
-
Red flags for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Nighttime symptoms
- Visible or occult blood in stool
- Weight loss
- Recurrent fever
-
Diet for IBS
- Fiber
- Decrease fat to decrease gas
- Increase water
-
-
IBS medications
- Antispasmodics
- Bentyl
- Donnatal
- 5HT Medication
- Zelnorm
- Lotrenex
|
|
