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The scientific name for a nerve cell is..?
Neuron
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The sheath around some neuron fibers that aids in regeneration (healing)
Neurilemma
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A nerve containing both afferent and efferent fibers
Mixed
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A nerve containing only afferent fibers
Sensory
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A nerve containing only efferent fibers
Motor
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The voluntary nervous system controls
Skeletal Muscles
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Fibers that carry impulses toward the neuron cell body are called
Dendrites
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A _____ is a bundle of neuron fibers within the central nervous system
Tract
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A _____ is a bunch of neuron cell bodies within the central nervous system
Nerve Center
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A _____ is a bundle of neuron fibers in the PNS
Nerve
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A _____ is a bunch of neuron cell bodies in the PNS
Ganglion
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The (spider) web-like middle meningeal layer
Arachnoid Layer
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The inner meningeal layer containing pain nerve endings and blood vessels
Pia Mater
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An elevated portion of the cerebral cortex
Gyrus
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A shallow groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex
Sulcus
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A deep groove in the cerebral cortex
Fissure
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The largest part of the brain
Cerebrum
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The part of the brain with a name meaning “little brain”
Cerebellum
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The region of the diencephalon that acts as a relay center for sensory stimuli
Thalamus
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The region of the diencephalon that helps maintain homeostasis
Hypothalamus
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The region of the diencephalon that deals with emotions
Limbic System
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The nerve (name and number) that carries visual impulses from the eye to the brain
Optic II
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The lobe of the brain that interprets vision
Occipital Lobe
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The lobe of the brain that interprets hearing
Temporal Lobe
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Impulses for the sense of taste travel to the
Temporal Lobe
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Impulses for the olfactory sense travels to the _____ lobe
Temproal
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A vision receptor that is sensitive to color (and requires more light)
Cones
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A vision receptor that is sensitive to dim light and only detects black and white
Rods
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The watery fluid that fills much of the eyeball in front of the crystalline lens
Aqueous humor
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The thick fluid that fills much of the eyeball behind the crystalline lens and is irreplaceable is called_____.
Viteous Humor
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The scientific name for the tear glands
Lacrimal Glands
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The scientific name for the tear duct from the eye to the nose
Nasolacrimal Glands
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The scientific name for the corner of the eye (inner and outer)
Canthus
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Another name for the projecting part, or auricle, of the ear (holds my hat up)
Pinna
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The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries hearing impulses
Cochlear Branch
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The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries balance impulses
Vestibular Branch
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Alterations in the lens shape to allow for near or far vision is called
Accommodation
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The iris is a/an _____ muscle of the eye
Intrinsic
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The ciliary body is a/an _____ muscle of the eye
Intrinsic
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There are 6 _____ muscles of the eye
Extrinsic
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The gland in the neck whose hormone increases the metabolic rate
Thyroid
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The 4 small endocrine glands in the neck which help control calcium levels in the blood
Parathyroid
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The main hormone of the adrenal gland that raises blood pressure and increases the heart rate, and dilates bronchial tubes is called _____.
Adrenalin (epinephrine)
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A gland that produces the hormone that lowers blood glucose levels (makes the cell membrane permeable to glucose)
Pancreas
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The endocrine gland that controls many other endocrine glands using tropic hormones
Pituitary Gland
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The small gland posterior to the thalamus, which helps control sleep
Pineal
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The endocrine gland in the chest playing a vital role in the immune system
Thymus
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The portion of the pregnant uterus that secretes hormones
Placenta
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The building blocks of growth hormone (a protein) are
Amino Acids
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_____ produces estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone in women
Ovaries
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_____ produces estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone in men
Testes
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How does insulin affect the cell membrane
Makes it permeable to Glucose
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How does insulin affect blood sugar?
Lowers it
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Diabetes insipidus results in too much _____ production.
Urine
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The system that reverses the fight-flight-freeze response
Parasympathetic Branch of the ANS
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The system that starts the fight-flight-freeze response
Sympathetic Branch of the ANS
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The portion of the cerebral cortex where the sense of touch is interpreted
Parietal Lobe
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The scientific name for nearsightedness, in which the focal point is in front of the retina and distant objects appear blurred
Myopia
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The visual defect caused by irregularity in the curvature of the lens or cornea
Astigmatism
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A nerve cell (neuron) fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body.
Axon
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The structural division of the nervous system that includes the brain
Central Nervous System (CNS)
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The fatty material that covers some axons is called
Myelin Sheath
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The spinal nerves are part of the _____ nervous system
Peripheral
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Cranial nerves are part of the _____ nervous system
Peripheral
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An individual subdivision of the cerebrum that regulates specific functions
Lobe
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Damage to brain tissue caused by a blood clot, ruptured vessel, or embolism
Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA).. (aka.. stroke)
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Bleeding between the dura mater and the skull (above the dura mater)
Epidural (hemotoma) Hemorrhage
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Bleeding between the dura mater and the brain (below the dura mater)
Subdural (hemotoma) Hemorrhage
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The scientific name for the disorder in which light rays are not bent sharply enough to focus on the retina when viewing close objects
Hyperopia
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The innermost coat of the eye, the nervous tissue layer that includes the receptors for the sense of vision
Retina
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The middle coat of the eye
Choroid Coat (layer)
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The outermost coat (layer) of the eye
Sclera
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The structure that alters the shape of the lens for accommodation
Ciliary Body (muscle)
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The structure that alters the size of the pupil
Iris
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The jelly-like material located behind the crystalline lens that maintains the spherical shape of the eyeball
Viteous Humor (body)
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A hormone that stimulates the outer portion of the adrenal gland
Adrenal Cortical Tropic Hormone
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A disease in which insulin function is abnormally low
Diabetes Mellitus
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The cell organelle that builds growth hormone (a protein)
Ribosomes
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Polyuria and polydipsia are common symptoms of both _____ and _____.
Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus
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Which hormone secreted from the posterior pituitary that is involved in water balance
ADH or Antidiuretic Hormone
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The structural divisions of the nervous system that includes the nerves and ganglia
PNS or Peripheral Nervous System
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The tough outer meningeal layer is the
Dura Mater
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The endocrine gland composed of a cortex and medulla, each with a specific function
Adrenal Gland
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A hormone that lowers the blood glucose level
Insulin
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What kind of physical energy is the eye detecting?
Light
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What is the advantage of having rods?
Night Vision
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What is the bending of light called?
Refraction
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Which eye humor is involved with glaucoma?
Aqueous Humor
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What is the shape of the lens when looking at something near?
Spherical
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What is the shape of the lens when looking at something far?
Flat
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A contact lens rests on the _____.
Cornea
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How many extrinsic eye muscles are there?
6
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How many intrinsic eye muscles are there?
2
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What substance fills the outer ear?
Air
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What substance fills the middle ear?
Air
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What substance fills the inner ear?
Fluid
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What is the disorder called when the middle ear is inflamed?
Otitis Media
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What symptom may a patient have if the inner ear is inflamed?
Vertigo
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Exposure to what will cause permanent hearing loss?
Loud Noises
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Which cranial nerve (name and Roman numeral) carries both the senses of hearing and equilibrium to the brain?
Vestibulocochlear VIII
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