Med Term Ch 5

vessel

aorta

artery

fatty / lipid paste

atrium

heart

circle or crown

muscle

chest

pulse

clot

vein

swollen, twisted vein

ventricle ( belly or pouch )

upper right or left chamber of the heart

membrane lining the cavities of the heart

membrane forming the outer layer of the heart

partition between the right and left atria

partition between the right and left ventricles

heart muscle tissue

protective sac enclosing the heart, composed of two layers with fluid between

layer of pericardium that is closest to heart

outer layer of pericardium

fluid-filled cavity between the pericardial layers

lower right or left chambers of the heart

structures within the heart that open and close with the heartbeat to regulate the one-way flow of blood

heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

bicuspid - heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

valves located at intervals within the lining of the veins, especially in the legs.  They constrict with muscle action to move the blood returning to the heart

vessels that carry blood from the heart to the arterioles

large artery that is the main trunk of the arterial system, branches from the left ventricle

small vessels that join arterioles and venules

small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins

vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules

circulation of blood throughout the body

via arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues

circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels

to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue

circulation of blood form the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart via the pulmonary vein, providing for the exchgange of gases

to expand

period during the cardiac cycle when blood enters the relaxed ventricles, from the atria

to contract

period during the cardiac cycle when the heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta and pulmonary artery

normal blood pressure

low blood pressure

high blood pressure

• from sinoatrial (SA) node
• |
• to atrioventricular (AV) node
• |
• to bundle of His
• |
• to left and right bundle branches
• |
• to Purkinje fibers

• cell at resting state ( polarized )
• to contraction state ( depolarized )
• back to resting state by recharging ( repolarizing )

• pacemaker
• highly specialized, neurological tissue impeded in the wall of the Right Atrium
• responsible fo initiating electrical conduction of the heartbeat, causing the atria to contract and firing conduction of impulses to the AV node

nuerological tissued in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from SA node to the bundle of His

neurological fibers extending from the AF node to the right and left branches that fire the impulse from the AF node to the Purkinje fibers

fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract

resting, resting state of myocardial cell

• change of myocardial cell from a polarized / resting state to a state of contraction
• de = not
• polarization = resting

recharging of the myocardial cell from a contracted state back to a resting state

• regular rhythm of the hear cycle stimulated by the SA node
• average rate of 60 - 100 beats per minute

a widening  / a bulging of the wall of the heart, aorta, or artery, caused by a congenital defect or acquired weakness

a sac-like bulge on one side

a spindle shaped bulge

split or tear of the vessel wall

• chest pain caused by a temporary loss of oxygenated blood to the the heart muscle.
• often caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries
• angina = "to choke"

thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification ( hardening ) of arterial walls

a form of arteriosclerosis characterized by the buildup of fatty substances that harden within the walls of the arteries

a swollen area within the lining of an artery caused by the buildup of fat / lipids

• to limp
• pain in a limb (especially calf) while walking, that subsides after rest
• caused by inadequate blood supply

compression of a part that causes narrowing

profuse sweating

a clot (air, fat, foreign object) carried in the bloodstream that obstructs the flow of blood when in lodges

an abnormal sound from the heart produced by defects in the chambers or valves

• to stuff
• a localized area of necrosis (dead tissue) caused by ischemia, resulting from occlusion of a blood vessel

• to hold back blood
• decreased blood flow to tissue caused by constriction or occlusion of a blood vessel

lack of flow through a blood vessel caused by narrowing, occlusion, etc

plugging, an obstruction or closing off

subjective experience of pounding, skipping, or racing heartbeats

condition of narrowing of a part

stationary blood clot

• to grow
• an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve, generally as a result of an infection